The role of illuminance meter in daily life

Core Tip: The illuminometer (or lux meter) is an instrument that measures luminosity and brightness. That is, the measurement of the illumination intensity (illuminance) is the degree to which the object is illuminated, that is, the ratio of the luminous flux obtained by the surface of the object to the illuminated area. The illuminometer usually consists of a selenium photocell or a silicon photocell and a microampere meter.

In the opinion, illuminance has a close relationship with people's lives. Sufficient light can protect people from accidents. Conversely, too much light can cause fatigue in the human body far beyond the eye itself. Therefore, discomfort or poor lighting conditions are one of the main causes of accidents and fatigue. Available statistics show that about 30% of all occupational accidents are caused directly or indirectly by lack of light. The lighting requirements for the stadium (the pavilion) are very strict, and the lighting is too strong or too dark will affect the effect of the game.

So, what are the hygiene requirements for indoor control that people live in? Illuminance is a very important indicator in hygiene. Light refers to electromagnetic radiation that can cause the human eye to feel bright. The perception that can be produced when light enters the eye is called vision. The light that is seen refers to visible light, which has a wavelength in the range of 380 to 760 nm (nanometer).

At present, lighting can be divided into two categories: natural lighting and artificial light. Natural daylighting refers to the natural illuminance of indoors and regions, with direct sunlight scattered light and reflected light from surrounding objects, commonly expressed by daylighting coefficient and natural illuminance. The daylighting coefficient refers to the ratio of the effective area of ​​the lighting port to the floor area of ​​the room. The lighting factor of a typical house is between 1/5 and 1/15, and the living area ratio is between 1/8 and 1/10 (window area/indoor floor area). The natural illuminance coefficient is the illuminance level used to evaluate natural light. It reflects the relationship between the indoor and the light from the outside. It also reflects the local light climate (the sum of natural light energy and climate sunshine illuminance indicators).

In order to ensure that people live under the proper illumination, China has established health standards for indoor (including public places) illumination. For example, the sanitary standard of illuminance in public places (shops) is ≥100Lx; the sanitary standard of illuminance of libraries, museums, art galleries and exhibition halls is ≥100Lx; the sanitary standard of public bathrooms is ≥50Lx; bathrooms (leaching, pool, bath)≥ 30Lx, sauna bathroom ≥30Lx. Foreign standards for indoor illumination, such as Germany recommended several rated light intensity, the office includes 300Lx in the paperwork area, typing, drawing work is 750Lx; in the factory, the illuminance requirement for visual work on the production line is 1000Lx; 200Lx for hotel and public rooms; 200Lx for reception and cashier; 1500-2000Lx for shop window; 150-200Lx for hospital ward, 500Lx for emergency treatment area; 400-700Lx for school and classroom; canteen, indoor gym For 300Lx and so on.

For the measurement method of the illuminance size, it is generally measured by a illuminometer. The illuminance meter measures the intensity of different wavelengths (such as measurements in the visible and ultraviolet bands) and provides accurate measurement results.

In short, illuminance and human health, especially for the health of the eyes, have extremely important hygienic significance.

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