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Japan's Solar Frontier, IBM from the United States, and Tokyo Yinghua Industry Co., Ltd. have collaborated to create a miniaturized CZTS solar cell with an area of just 0.42 cm², achieving a record-breaking efficiency of 12.6%. This marks a significant improvement over the previous top efficiency of 11.1%, which was set by a research team in August 2012. The new development represents a major step forward in the field of thin-film solar technology.
The research team enhanced the performance of the CZTS solar cell by optimizing the optical absorption layer of Cu₂ZnSnSₓSe₄₋ₓ (CZTSSe) and refining the optical structure. The resulting cell achieved an open-circuit voltage of 513.4 mV, a short-circuit current density of 35.2 mA/cm², and a fill factor of 69.8%. These measurements were conducted by Newport Corporation, a leading authority in photovoltaic testing.
CZTS solar cells are a type of thin-film compound solar cell composed of copper, zinc, tin, sulfur, and selenium. Unlike CIGS cells, which Solar Frontier currently mass-produces, CZTS cells do not rely on rare metals like indium or gallium. This makes them a more sustainable and cost-effective alternative. Solar Frontier is actively working to boost the efficiency of CZTS cells to make them viable for large-scale commercial use.
In addition, the world's highest recorded efficiency for CIGS solar cells was 20.8%, announced by the German Solar Energy and Hydrogen Research Center (ZSW) in late October 2013. This highlights the ongoing competition and innovation in the solar energy sector as companies and research institutions strive to push the boundaries of photovoltaic technology.
As renewable energy becomes increasingly important, advancements in solar cell efficiency will play a crucial role in shaping the future of clean energy solutions. The progress made in CZTS technology shows great promise for affordable and environmentally friendly solar power systems.
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