Earthquake, earthquake prevention knowledge quiz 11 questions

1. What is the seismic fortification requirement?

Seismic fortification requirements are the standards and technical specifications that construction projects must follow, established or approved by the State Council’s earthquake administrative department. These requirements take into account various factors such as seismic geology, local seismic activity, site conditions, the importance of the project, acceptable risk levels, economic feasibility, and safety goals. They determine the appropriate level of earthquake intensity and ground motion parameters for a given area, ensuring that buildings can withstand potential seismic events effectively.

2. How does the conclusion of the earthquake safety evaluation work for the construction site take effect?

The conclusions from an earthquake safety evaluation must be reviewed and approved by the national or provincial earthquake safety assessment committee before being submitted to the relevant provincial or municipal earthquake authority for final approval. Once approved, these conclusions serve as the basis for seismic design in the construction project, ensuring that the structure meets necessary safety standards.

3. How do people in the building respond to the earthquake?

During an earthquake, it's crucial to stay calm and quickly assess the situation. Avoid panicking and jumping out of buildings. Instead, seek shelter under sturdy furniture, in corners, or away from kitchens and bathrooms with large load-bearing walls. These areas are more likely to remain stable during shaking. By identifying safe spots based on your surroundings, you can significantly reduce the risk of injury.

4. How to maintain the earthquake monitoring facilities?

According to the “Regulations on Earthquake Preparedness and Mitigation of Heilongjiang Province,” no individual or organization may tamper with, damage, or move seismic monitoring equipment without authorization. Authorities at or above the county level are responsible for defining the protected zones around these facilities and setting up clear signs to ensure their proper functioning and environmental protection.

5. What are the principles of emergency protection during an earthquake?

Emergency protection involves taking immediate action before or after an earthquake. The best strategy is to find a safe place quickly and avoid dangerous areas. Evading in real-time and evacuating promptly can save lives and prevent further harm.

6. Do you know which three earthquake activity belts are in the world?

There are three major global earthquake belts: (1) The Circum-Pacific Seismic Belt, surrounding the Pacific Ocean, where about 80% of earthquakes occur. (2) The Eurasian Seismic Belt, stretching across Europe, Asia, and Africa, accounting for 15% of global earthquakes. (3) The Mid-Ocean Ridge Seismic Zone, located along underwater mountain ranges in the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans.

7. What is the legal responsibility for violating the requirements for earthquake protection in the "Large Earthquake Prevention and Mitigation Law of the People's Republic of China"?

Violating seismic protection regulations can result in fines ranging from 10,000 to 100,000 yuan. If a construction company fails to conduct an earthquake safety evaluation or follow the required seismic fortification standards, the relevant authorities will order corrections and impose penalties accordingly.

8. What type of house is safe?

While houses like penthouses and split-level designs offer comfort and aesthetics, flat houses generally provide better seismic resistance. Their simpler structures make them more resilient during earthquakes, making them a safer choice for regions prone to seismic activity.

9. How to shock the school staff?

During an earthquake, school staff should remain calm and decisive. In advance of potential earthquakes, teachers should educate students on safety procedures and plan evacuation routes. After the quake, students should be guided to evacuate in an orderly manner. Those indoors should take cover under desks or near sturdy structures, avoiding running or jumping.

10. What are the requirements for seismic fortification requirements for construction projects?

New or renovated buildings must meet specific seismic fortification standards. Major projects, those with high risk of secondary disasters, and critical infrastructure require detailed earthquake safety evaluations. General construction projects use seismic parameter maps to determine fortification needs, while schools and hospitals must have higher seismic standards than regular housing.

11. Will renovation affect the house's earthquake resistance?

Home renovations can impact a building’s seismic performance. For example, removing load-bearing walls or adding heavy materials can weaken the structure. To prevent this, the Ministry of Construction issued regulations requiring homeowners to avoid altering structural elements during renovations. Always consult professionals to ensure your home remains safe during earthquakes.