In 1954, General Electric successfully produced a diamond in the laboratory using an ultra-high temperature and high pressure technology. It has the same chemical properties as natural diamond. One of the processes involved is to achieve a very high temperature and high pressure state of carbon and graphite, mimicking the growth process of natural diamond. More than fifty years later, this process is still used to provide 98% of the world's industrial diamonds. The downside of this high-temperature and high-pressure technology is that many diamonds produced in the production process have yellow and brown characteristics due to the presence of nitrogen. Attempts to use high temperature and high pressure technology to create colorless diamonds have also been successful, but such high production costs have to give up this uneconomical approach. For the jewelry market, it is even more important to use this technology to upgrade or process natural stones to increase the color and transparency of the diamond.
About a decade ago, chemical vapor deposited diamonds appeared in the gem diamond market. Relative to high temperature and high pressure technology, chemical vapor deposition uses a gas such as methane to produce diamond at a lower pressure and perfect it with a substrate. The composition of the diamond can be controlled to produce a single crystal form, so that a more colorless and transparent diamond production of more than one carat is more economical than a high temperature and high pressure process.
However, high temperature and high pressure technology also has certain advantages, it can produce more diamonds with less material and faster. This method is most suitable for the production of industrial diamonds. CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) is more suitable for the production of high quality diamonds due to more precise control of chemical properties.
The record-breaking 1.29-carat gemstone mentioned above was manufactured using the CVD method and currently has a market value of $7,763, which is about 38% cheaper than the equivalent natural diamond of about $10,500. (Excerpt from "The impact of synthetics and recycling on the diamond market", translation: Ma Yanping)
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