Three months ago, the "Air Pollution Prevention Action Plan" was introduced, raising public expectations for cleaner air. However, three months later, large-scale haze swept across central and eastern China, affecting cities like Shanghai, Hangzhou, and Nanjing. Haze events were reported in 25 provinces, regions, and municipalities nationwide, with the average number of hazy days in 2013 reaching a new high.
On December 6, the National Inter-ministerial Coordination Meeting on Atmospheric Pollution Control was held in Beijing. Zhou Shengxian, Minister of Environmental Protection, warned that with northern regions entering the heating season, unfavorable weather conditions could worsen pollution levels. He emphasized that this winter's air pollution control efforts remain challenging and require close collaboration among all parties involved.
Experts identified several key causes of the widespread haze. First, pollutants accumulated due to poor weather conditions. Second, vehicle emissions contributed significantly. Third, coal-fired heating in northern regions exacerbated the problem.
Xie Shaodong, deputy director at Peking University’s School of Environmental Science and Engineering, noted that while calm weather increases the likelihood of haze, most pollutants originate from various sources. He pointed out that even without coal heating, areas like Jiangsu and Zhejiang still face pollution from small, less environmentally responsible companies.
He also highlighted that pollution has shifted from local to regional issues, making it more complex to manage. An environmental expert added that although weather conditions haven’t changed much compared to previous years, the accumulation of pollutants has become more visible. “We can’t rely on weather to clear smog; we must address the root causes,†he said.
At a 2013 environmental protection summit in Kunshan, some companies expressed frustration over the growing challenges of air pollution control. Zhang Kaiyuan, chairman of Guodian Qingxin, noted that while significant resources have been invested in treating flue gas from power plants, other industries such as steel, cement, and chemicals have received less attention. “This imbalance in pollution control is a major issue,†he said.
Coal remains China’s primary energy source, and it is often blamed for smog. Zhang believes clean and efficient coal use is technically feasible, but the real challenge lies in responsibility, pressure, and mechanisms. “Desulfurization standards in Europe are lower than in China, yet we struggle to enforce them. The problem isn’t technology—it’s implementation,†he explained.
Hu Hongji, vice chief economist at Fujian Longjing Environmental Protection, stressed that while policy and technology for air pollution control are not lacking, strict enforcement is crucial. This requires cooperation between the central government, ministries, the public, and the media.
China Labor Insurance Network
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