**The Reason Why Bearings Develop Spiral Defects During the Grinding Process**
Home > Bearing Knowledge > The Reason Why the Bearing Constitutes a Spiral Defect in the Grinding Process
Source: China Bearing Network | Date: October 28, 2013
During the grinding process, bearings are subjected to high-speed rotation of the grinding wheel. If not operated and adjusted properly according to the instructions, various defects can occur, which may affect the overall quality of the bearing. In the fine grinding stage, where precision is critical, visible grinding marks on the surface of the workpiece are often observed. These marks typically appear as interlaced spiral patterns.
The formation of these spiral traces is mainly due to the poor flatness of the grinding wheel’s surface, which may have concave or convex areas. As a result, during the grinding process, only certain parts of the wheel come into contact with the workpiece. After several reciprocating movements, these spiral patterns become visible to the naked eye. The pitch of the spirals depends on the speed of the worktable and the rotational speed of the workpiece, as well as the alignment between the grinding wheel axis and the worktable guide rails.
### Primary Reasons for Spiral Formation:
1. Poor dressing of the grinding wheel, with sharp edges not chamfered.
2. Excessive lubricating oil on the workbench guide rails, causing it to float.
3. Inaccurate machine tool performance.
4. Excessive grinding pressure applied.
### Detailed Causes of Spiral Defects:
1. Poor rigidity in the V-shaped guide rail, leading to misalignment of the grinding wheel during operation, resulting in only the edge of the wheel contacting the workpiece.
2. Unstable workbench speed during repair, leading to reduced precision and improper wheel dressing.
3. Poor rigidity in the workpiece itself.
4. Accumulation of debris, such as sand and metal shavings, on the grinding wheel surface, which should be cleaned using cooling water after each operation.
5. Poor dressing of the grinding wheel, leading to uneven surfaces and bulges.
One of the main causes of the fish-scale-like appearance is a dull cutting edge on the grinding wheel, which leads to a "squatting" effect during the grinding process.
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