Engineering plastics generally refer to plastic materials that can withstand mechanical stress as structural materials and can be used over a wide temperature range and in harsh chemical and physical environments. Engineering plastics can be divided into general engineering plastics and special engineering plastics. General engineering plastics usually refer to five kinds of plastics that have been widely produced in large-scale industrial applications, namely polyamide (nylon, Pa), polycarbonate (polycarbon, PC), polyoxymethylene (POM), polyester. (mainly PBT) and polyphenylene ether (PPO). Special engineering plastics refer to the superior performance and uniqueness. However, most of the plastics that have not yet been mass-produced or produced in a small scale and relatively narrow in use, such as polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) and polyimide ( PI), polysulfone (PSF), polyether ketone (PEK), liquid crystal polymer (LCP), and the like.
Engineering plastics have excellent performance and can replace metal as structural materials. Therefore, they are widely used in fields such as electrical and electronic, transportation, machinery and daily necessities, etc., and their status in the national economy is increasingly obvious.
Domestic production development status The technical development of engineering plastics in China has a history of nearly 40 years. Although it has a certain technical foundation, it has a great gap with foreign countries in terms of technical level, production capacity and output. Varieties (such as PPO) are basically vacant.
In terms of scale of operation, China's engineering plastics enterprises are mostly thousands of tons of production equipment or industrialized test equipment, while the annual production capacity of foreign companies is more than 10,000 tons. The huge difference in scale and process level makes it difficult for domestic engineering plastics to meet the needs of the domestic market, and product performance and price cannot compete with imported products.
Characteristics and Uses Polyamide (Pa) has won people's attention due to its unique low specific gravity, high tensile strength, wear resistance, good self-lubricating properties, excellent impact toughness, and the combination of flexibility and flexibility. High, light weight (only 1/7 of metal), can be processed into various products instead of metal, widely used in the automotive and transportation industries. Typical products include pump impellers, fan blades, valve seats, bushings, bearings, various instrument panels, automotive electrical instruments, hot and cold air conditioning valves, etc., each of which consumes 3.6 to 4 kilograms of nylon. Polyamide has the largest consumption in the automotive industry, followed by electronics and electronics.
Although polycarbonate (PC) is a thermoplastic resin, it has the strength similar to that of non-ferrous metals, and at the same time has both ductility and toughness. Its impact strength is extremely high, it can not be destroyed by hammering, and it can withstand TV. The explosion of the screen. The transparency of the polycarbonate is excellent and can be applied to any coloration. Due to the above excellent properties of polycarbonate, it has been widely used in various safety shades, signal lights, transparent protective panels for stadiums and sports fields, lighting glass, high-rise architectural glass, automotive mirrors, windshield panels, aircraft cabin glass, motorcycles. Driving a helmet. The most used markets are computers, office equipment, automobiles, replacement glass and sheets, and CD and DVD discs are among the most promising markets.
Polyoxymethylene (POM) is known as “super steel†because of its superior mechanical and chemical properties, so it can be used as a material that many metal and non-metal materials cannot. It is mainly used for various precisions. High small modulus gears, instrumental precision parts with complex geometry, taps and air line valves. China uses polyoxymethylene for agricultural sprinkler irrigation machinery, which can save a lot of copper.
Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) is a thermoplastic polyester. Non-reinforced PBT has better processing and electrical properties than other thermoplastic engineering plastics. PBT has a low glass transition temperature, and the mold temperature can be rapidly crystallized at 50 ° C, and the processing cycle is short. Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) is widely used in the electronics, electrical and automotive industries. Due to the high performance and temperature resistance of PBT, it can be used as a flyback transformer for TV sets, car distribution boards and ignition coils, office equipment housings and bases, various automotive exterior parts, air conditioner fans, electronic stove bases, Office equipment shell parts.
Polyphenylene ether (PPO) resin has excellent physical and mechanical properties, heat resistance and electrical edge, low hygroscopicity, high strength, good dimensional stability, and creep resistance at high temperatures is the best among all thermoplastic engineering plastics. of. It can be applied to small household appliances such as washing machine compressor cover, vacuum cleaner casing, coffee utensils, hair styling, massager, microwave oven utensils, etc. Modified polyphenylene ether is also used in TV components, connectors for teleportation equipment, and the like.
Demand Status and Speculation With the rapid development of China's national economy, the demand for engineering plastics in various industries in China has grown rapidly, especially in emerging domestic industries and national pillar industries and new growth point industries such as electronics, automobiles, transportation, and construction. Materials, packaging, medical equipment and human organs all require a large number of engineering plastics with excellent performance, which has made the demand for engineering plastics in China in recent years soar. In recent years, the demand for engineering plastics in China has grown rapidly, with an average annual growth rate of 25%. In particular, the annual growth rate of PBT, nylon and PPO has exceeded 25%.
According to the changing rules of the apparent demand of several engineering plastics in history, combined with considering the world scale and the latest market trends, the demand for five general engineering plastics was speculated. PBT resin has no good rules to follow due to historical changes in demand, so it is based on the adjusted apparent demand in 1998, and assumes that future demand development is in sync with GDP growth, guessing the table for the next few years. Look at the demand. By 2000 and 2005, the apparent consumption of general engineering plastics in China will reach 33.8 and 528,000 tons respectively. The average annual growth rate from 1999 to 2005 was 9.8%. After 2003~2004, the apparent consumption of polycarbonate may exceed that of polyamide, making it the most popular general engineering plastics in China. It is estimated that by 2005, the demand for polyamide is 179,000 tons, the polycarbonate is 205,000 tons, the polyoxymethylene is 126,000 tons, the PBT is 11,900 tons, and the modified polyphenylene ether is 0.66 million tons.
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