Fruit tree fertilization should pay attention to the following points

1. When a large number of fruit farmers apply fertilizers to fruit trees, many still use unscientific methods and improper placement. Most of the time, the fertilizer is applied close to the trunk, which not only reduces the efficiency of nutrient absorption but also harms the tree's roots. This can negatively affect root development and flowering, ultimately leading to lower fruit yields. Secondly, fruit trees mainly absorb nutrients through root hairs located in the root system. Fertilizing in the root hair zone can significantly improve fertilizer efficiency, boost production, and increase income. Typically, horizontal roots extend 1 to 1.5 times the diameter of the tree canopy. They are mostly concentrated at the outer edge of the canopy, with vertical distribution varying depending on tree species, soil conditions, and management practices. For example, apple, peach, and plum trees have shallow root systems, usually around 40 cm deep, while pear and grape trees have deeper roots, often reaching about 80 cm. Therefore, fertilization should be placed at the edge of the canopy or slightly beyond. Trees with deep roots should be fertilized deeply, while those with shallow roots should be fertilized more shallowly. Thirdly, organic fertilizer decomposes slowly but provides nutrients over a longer period, making it suitable for proper application. In contrast, chemical fertilizers are highly mobile and can be applied more shallowly. In densely planted orchards, deep fertilization between rows and shallow application between individual trees is recommended. This approach minimizes root damage, allowing the fertilizer to work more effectively, increasing its utilization rate, and ultimately improving yield and profitability. Author: Liu Ling Source: Ludian County Agricultural Technology Promotion Center, Yunnan Province

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