[ Huaqiang Security Network News ] Demand characteristics of international airport monitoring system:
As an integrated and special transportation hub, the international airport has different security monitoring system than the general security system. It has many internal working institutions, usually including public security, fire protection, security bureau, terminal management center, and emergency command. The center, traffic management center, security inspection, customs, apron management department, border defense, baggage, garage, health inspection, oil supply, etc., nearly 20 categories, the security management of the airport is relatively independent and cross-cutting, and its needs are diverse. Characteristics.
International airport security systems usually consist of three categories:
Video Surveillance System (CCTV), Access Control System (ACS), Perimeter Alarm System (PAS).
The three subsystems are independent of each other on the surface, but by effectively integrating information resources and preventive measures, a fully functional intelligent security system can be constructed to provide a more comprehensive and effective defense capability for the airport to ensure safe operation.
Digital optical transceivers monitor and analyze and guarantee important locations in airports:
Guaranteed video surveillance system: The international airport covers a large area. The international large-scale airport has two main stations, three main runways and corresponding 218 parking spaces, 70 boarding bridges, complex on-site traffic roads and supporting facilities. There are a large number of surveillance cameras, ranging from a few hundred to as many as thousands of roads. Nearly a thousand points use Tiandi Weiye's latest high-integration, modular design hybrid series of optical transceiver products.
Large real-time, zero-latency video, large flight area, large terminal, large passenger and cargo flow, large aircraft movements, frequent vehicle activities, air defense safety and ground safety, internal security and perimeter security Switching display and camera control imposes stringent requirements. Due to the scattered construction and different functions, the monitoring system installed everywhere will form a relatively independent monitoring and management platform, which monitors different areas and undertakes different tasks. Generally, it includes terminal buildings, freight stations, flight areas, catering centers, baggage sorting areas, parking garages, oil depots, and road traffic. However, due to the dispatching and command of the airport, they must be interconnected to become a whole. The domestic airport has a management and security department, a dispatched agency of the relevant government departments, and various airlines, banks, telecommunications, etc., and the security management is more complicated. The workflows of various departments are related to each other, and there is a need for cross-management. It is necessary to provide relevant departments with convenient and convenient remote image browsing and management.
The video surveillance system is the basic system of the airport security system and must accept and correlate information from other subsystems. The video surveillance system consists of front-end equipment, transmission equipment, central equipment and related software. Most of the front-end camera points are installed in the terminal, security inspection channel (verification station and channel front and rear), registration port, elevator, perimeter, apron and building. The top layer of the object to achieve on-site monitoring and control. Transmission equipment currently uses optical transceivers for a larger proportion.
For large-area airport surveillance video transmission, optical fiber is used for video and data transmission, mainly because of the better and more stable optical transmission in the medium and long distance transmission, especially for such large international airports. The environment will cause interference to the video transmission, causing the video image to jitter, the picture to appear rolling ripples, etc., and the fiber transmission will avoid such interference. In addition, digital optical transceivers have some features that are also essential for airport security monitoring:
1. The transmission capacity is large and the information types are all.
In the analog era, even with the introduction of CWDM technology, analog optical transceiver single-fiber transmission of 16 channels of video has become the limit, and currently digital optical transceivers can easily achieve 128 channels of uncompressed video transmission, while adding Ethernet, data, voice, Signals such as switching quantities greatly enrich the types of signals transmitted by optical transceivers. The increase of transmission capacity improves the utilization of fiber bandwidth, reduces the cost of the transmission system, and improves the cost performance. In addition, the comprehensive cost of optical fiber resources/optical transceivers is greatly reduced, and the construction cost of large-scale projects such as international airports will be greatly reduced. 2. Good signal transmission quality. In the case of complex international airport environment, it is necessary to grasp the real-time dynamics of airport security panoramas. Avoiding various signal interferences in the public environment, the digital processing method of PCM completely solves the problem of video channel interference of analog optical transceivers. Now the video signal-to-noise ratio of digital optical transceivers can reach 67 dB, far exceeding the analog 50 dB, and the signal transmission quality is very high. high.
While addressing the quality of video transmission, the long-distance transmission monitoring requirements of the airport are also higher, but the use of multimode fiber will inevitably limit the transmission distance, which will not exceed 2 kilometers. Therefore, the airport engineering site began to consider the use of single-mode fiber transmission, so that the transmission distance from the previous few kilometers into a transmission can be tens of kilometers or even hundreds of kilometers. This is mainly because the main factors affecting the width of the fiber optic transmission band are various dispersions, and the mode dispersion is the most important. The dispersion of the single mode fiber is small, so that the light can be transmitted over a long distance in a wide frequency band.
At present, digital optical transceivers have become the mainstream of the absolute market. How to adapt to the changes of the outdoor environment, long-term reliable operation is the main measurement standard. Take the digital optical transceiver of Tiandi Weiye as an example, not only the lightning protection and overcurrent triple protection circuit is adopted for the communication interface. Lightning protection circuits have also been designed for video and power supplies.
Communication interface protection:
Mainly for the most widely used RS485/422/232, using three levels of protection measures.
The first level: lightning discharge - discharge lightning or inductive lightning energy, from the first thousand volts will be about 150V.
The second stage: overcurrent protection, so that the current impact is less than 1 amp. If the current exceeds 1A, the protection circuit is automatically disconnected, the internal circuit and the interface are isolated, the current returns to normal, and the circuit is automatically restored.
The third stage: the first stage protection to 150V voltage is reduced to 7-10V, providing a normal voltage range for chip operation.
Video protection circuit: The current video protection adopts bridge protection + TVS protection mode, the protection level can reach 75V (the video signal is generally only 2V), and it can protect more than 30 times of the video signal.
The perimeter alarm subsystem monitors and manages the safety and security of the Shanghai International Airport Control Area (runway, taxiway, apron, flight zone fence and entrance and exit passage), and timely detects the alarm to ensure flight safety. The control perimeter should be divided into several small areas according to the specific conditions and system requirements of different flight areas, and the control and management of the boundary should be refined to improve the accuracy of the alarm. Linked with the video monitoring subsystem, use the video surveillance to observe the scene at the same time as the alarm, and deal with the problem in time.
The perimeter is far from the terminal and the apron. The nighttime light is very dark, so it should also be linked with the nearby lighting system to ensure illumination, which is also a deterrent to the intruder. The perimeter alarm subsystem is mainly composed of alarm detectors, broadcasting equipment, lighting equipment, and alarm control host, which acts as a warning detection alarm. It is not difficult to see that the video surveillance subsystem is the core system of the entire airport security system, because the video surveillance subsystem can directly monitor the situation on the site, and other subsystems can transmit the dynamic information of each detection and perception to the video surveillance subsystem. Information sharing and linkage response, timely deployment of personnel and equipment, and comprehensive treatment of the actual situation on site.
Linkage between video and alarm: When an alarm occurs, the perimeter detector automatically transmits an alarm signal to the center, and the multimedia software of the matrix automatically pops up an electronic map centered on the alarm point to display the relevant information and control window of the alarm. The control matrix automatically switches to display the image of the corresponding location on the screen wall, and the corresponding camera is aligned with the position, and the camera image of the alarm linkage can automatically record and store the scene for a period of time before and after the alarm. At the same time, the broadcast is automatically started to warn the live broadcast warning to discourage the voice and automatically start the lighting.
Linkage between video and access control card: When an illegal card is rejected or the set card condition is triggered, the matrix will switch the image of the corresponding location on the screen wall according to the preset state condition of the door, and the corresponding camera is aligned. At this location, it is also possible to switch to display the real-time situation of the surrounding environment according to the combination strategy.
Linkage between access control and alarm: It is possible to set the closing of the corresponding door area when the emergency alarm is set, and the card cannot be opened. Only the operator can confirm the alarm and then resume the automatic control. The software automatically pops up an electronic map showing the area centered on the alarm point, prompting information related to the alarm. Airport security systems must be advanced, reliable, stable, complete, economical and maneuverable. At the same time, the integrated management of each subsystem is realized through resource sharing, information processing and intelligent control. The transmission mode is combined with video surveillance through the Tiandi optical transceiver with switching function, which can realize the alarm signal linkage and switch the corresponding camera image to the screen wall and capture and record. These core intelligent airport security systems are closer to the actual needs of users and will help China's international airports accelerate the pace of modernization under the existing conditions!
As an integrated and special transportation hub, the international airport has different security monitoring system than the general security system. It has many internal working institutions, usually including public security, fire protection, security bureau, terminal management center, and emergency command. The center, traffic management center, security inspection, customs, apron management department, border defense, baggage, garage, health inspection, oil supply, etc., nearly 20 categories, the security management of the airport is relatively independent and cross-cutting, and its needs are diverse. Characteristics.
Video Surveillance System (CCTV), Access Control System (ACS), Perimeter Alarm System (PAS).
The three subsystems are independent of each other on the surface, but by effectively integrating information resources and preventive measures, a fully functional intelligent security system can be constructed to provide a more comprehensive and effective defense capability for the airport to ensure safe operation.
Digital optical transceivers monitor and analyze and guarantee important locations in airports:
Guaranteed video surveillance system: The international airport covers a large area. The international large-scale airport has two main stations, three main runways and corresponding 218 parking spaces, 70 boarding bridges, complex on-site traffic roads and supporting facilities. There are a large number of surveillance cameras, ranging from a few hundred to as many as thousands of roads. Nearly a thousand points use Tiandi Weiye's latest high-integration, modular design hybrid series of optical transceiver products.
Large real-time, zero-latency video, large flight area, large terminal, large passenger and cargo flow, large aircraft movements, frequent vehicle activities, air defense safety and ground safety, internal security and perimeter security Switching display and camera control imposes stringent requirements. Due to the scattered construction and different functions, the monitoring system installed everywhere will form a relatively independent monitoring and management platform, which monitors different areas and undertakes different tasks. Generally, it includes terminal buildings, freight stations, flight areas, catering centers, baggage sorting areas, parking garages, oil depots, and road traffic. However, due to the dispatching and command of the airport, they must be interconnected to become a whole. The domestic airport has a management and security department, a dispatched agency of the relevant government departments, and various airlines, banks, telecommunications, etc., and the security management is more complicated. The workflows of various departments are related to each other, and there is a need for cross-management. It is necessary to provide relevant departments with convenient and convenient remote image browsing and management.
The video surveillance system is the basic system of the airport security system and must accept and correlate information from other subsystems. The video surveillance system consists of front-end equipment, transmission equipment, central equipment and related software. Most of the front-end camera points are installed in the terminal, security inspection channel (verification station and channel front and rear), registration port, elevator, perimeter, apron and building. The top layer of the object to achieve on-site monitoring and control. Transmission equipment currently uses optical transceivers for a larger proportion.
For large-area airport surveillance video transmission, optical fiber is used for video and data transmission, mainly because of the better and more stable optical transmission in the medium and long distance transmission, especially for such large international airports. The environment will cause interference to the video transmission, causing the video image to jitter, the picture to appear rolling ripples, etc., and the fiber transmission will avoid such interference. In addition, digital optical transceivers have some features that are also essential for airport security monitoring:
1. The transmission capacity is large and the information types are all.
In the analog era, even with the introduction of CWDM technology, analog optical transceiver single-fiber transmission of 16 channels of video has become the limit, and currently digital optical transceivers can easily achieve 128 channels of uncompressed video transmission, while adding Ethernet, data, voice, Signals such as switching quantities greatly enrich the types of signals transmitted by optical transceivers. The increase of transmission capacity improves the utilization of fiber bandwidth, reduces the cost of the transmission system, and improves the cost performance. In addition, the comprehensive cost of optical fiber resources/optical transceivers is greatly reduced, and the construction cost of large-scale projects such as international airports will be greatly reduced. 2. Good signal transmission quality. In the case of complex international airport environment, it is necessary to grasp the real-time dynamics of airport security panoramas. Avoiding various signal interferences in the public environment, the digital processing method of PCM completely solves the problem of video channel interference of analog optical transceivers. Now the video signal-to-noise ratio of digital optical transceivers can reach 67 dB, far exceeding the analog 50 dB, and the signal transmission quality is very high. high.
While addressing the quality of video transmission, the long-distance transmission monitoring requirements of the airport are also higher, but the use of multimode fiber will inevitably limit the transmission distance, which will not exceed 2 kilometers. Therefore, the airport engineering site began to consider the use of single-mode fiber transmission, so that the transmission distance from the previous few kilometers into a transmission can be tens of kilometers or even hundreds of kilometers. This is mainly because the main factors affecting the width of the fiber optic transmission band are various dispersions, and the mode dispersion is the most important. The dispersion of the single mode fiber is small, so that the light can be transmitted over a long distance in a wide frequency band.
At present, digital optical transceivers have become the mainstream of the absolute market. How to adapt to the changes of the outdoor environment, long-term reliable operation is the main measurement standard. Take the digital optical transceiver of Tiandi Weiye as an example, not only the lightning protection and overcurrent triple protection circuit is adopted for the communication interface. Lightning protection circuits have also been designed for video and power supplies.
Communication interface protection:
Mainly for the most widely used RS485/422/232, using three levels of protection measures.
The first level: lightning discharge - discharge lightning or inductive lightning energy, from the first thousand volts will be about 150V.
The second stage: overcurrent protection, so that the current impact is less than 1 amp. If the current exceeds 1A, the protection circuit is automatically disconnected, the internal circuit and the interface are isolated, the current returns to normal, and the circuit is automatically restored.
The third stage: the first stage protection to 150V voltage is reduced to 7-10V, providing a normal voltage range for chip operation.
Video protection circuit: The current video protection adopts bridge protection + TVS protection mode, the protection level can reach 75V (the video signal is generally only 2V), and it can protect more than 30 times of the video signal.
The perimeter alarm subsystem monitors and manages the safety and security of the Shanghai International Airport Control Area (runway, taxiway, apron, flight zone fence and entrance and exit passage), and timely detects the alarm to ensure flight safety. The control perimeter should be divided into several small areas according to the specific conditions and system requirements of different flight areas, and the control and management of the boundary should be refined to improve the accuracy of the alarm. Linked with the video monitoring subsystem, use the video surveillance to observe the scene at the same time as the alarm, and deal with the problem in time.
The perimeter is far from the terminal and the apron. The nighttime light is very dark, so it should also be linked with the nearby lighting system to ensure illumination, which is also a deterrent to the intruder. The perimeter alarm subsystem is mainly composed of alarm detectors, broadcasting equipment, lighting equipment, and alarm control host, which acts as a warning detection alarm. It is not difficult to see that the video surveillance subsystem is the core system of the entire airport security system, because the video surveillance subsystem can directly monitor the situation on the site, and other subsystems can transmit the dynamic information of each detection and perception to the video surveillance subsystem. Information sharing and linkage response, timely deployment of personnel and equipment, and comprehensive treatment of the actual situation on site.
Linkage between video and alarm: When an alarm occurs, the perimeter detector automatically transmits an alarm signal to the center, and the multimedia software of the matrix automatically pops up an electronic map centered on the alarm point to display the relevant information and control window of the alarm. The control matrix automatically switches to display the image of the corresponding location on the screen wall, and the corresponding camera is aligned with the position, and the camera image of the alarm linkage can automatically record and store the scene for a period of time before and after the alarm. At the same time, the broadcast is automatically started to warn the live broadcast warning to discourage the voice and automatically start the lighting.
Linkage between video and access control card: When an illegal card is rejected or the set card condition is triggered, the matrix will switch the image of the corresponding location on the screen wall according to the preset state condition of the door, and the corresponding camera is aligned. At this location, it is also possible to switch to display the real-time situation of the surrounding environment according to the combination strategy.
Linkage between access control and alarm: It is possible to set the closing of the corresponding door area when the emergency alarm is set, and the card cannot be opened. Only the operator can confirm the alarm and then resume the automatic control. The software automatically pops up an electronic map showing the area centered on the alarm point, prompting information related to the alarm. Airport security systems must be advanced, reliable, stable, complete, economical and maneuverable. At the same time, the integrated management of each subsystem is realized through resource sharing, information processing and intelligent control. The transmission mode is combined with video surveillance through the Tiandi optical transceiver with switching function, which can realize the alarm signal linkage and switch the corresponding camera image to the screen wall and capture and record. These core intelligent airport security systems are closer to the actual needs of users and will help China's international airports accelerate the pace of modernization under the existing conditions!
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