Looking back on 2017, technologies such as Diamond Wire, Black Silicon, N-cells, and PERC are maturing, and it is the general trend for PV demand markets to turn to highly efficient, cost-effective products. The fierce market competition will force technological progress.
In the face of the photovoltaic industry's goal of parity Internet access in 2020, many people have focused their attention on component costs, and their potential for decline has been dug deeper. The widely heated single crystals and polycrystals have also experienced different trends this year. With the announcement of the third batch of “leaders†standards and bases, the policy no longer tilts single crystals, while the polycrystalline diamond wire transformation is accelerating and the single polycrystals return to the same starting line at the chip end.
â–· Black silicon technology is a cost-cutting tool
In the past year, the technology research and development of the polycrystalline route mainly revolved around the surface texturing technology. Important advances have been made in three technical routes including additive wool, wet black silicon and dry black silicon.
According to Wan Yuepeng, chief technology officer of GCL-Poly, from the current point of view, wet black silicon is the most cost-effective and has the most market prospects. This type of silicon wafer has a perfect battery appearance, excellent light trapping performance, higher conversion efficiency, and a lower price. According to statistics, at the end of 2017, there were more than 100 wet silicon black silicon devices in China with a production capacity of more than 10 GW.
“The main direction of high-efficiency polycrystalline technology in the past few years has been to increase the efficiency of bulk materials around the crystal structure. In the past year, the surface efficiency of silicon wafers represented by black silicon technology is increasing. The next phase will be focused on Crystal PERC's battery efficiency is improved." Wan Yuepeng said.
At the New Energy Show in Wuxi in November, GCL-Poly released the latest generation of “TS+Black Siliconâ€, and compared to the current mainstream polycrystalline modules on the market, the 60-Chip TS+ Black Silicon Module can achieve an efficiency gain of 5 Watts. Above, the component power exceeds 275 watts. Calculated according to the current module price, the black silicon module has a gain of 0.05 yuan/watt, while the cost only increases by about 0.02 yuan/watt, and the cost advantage is obvious.
â–· Diamond wire cutting polycrystalline advantages show
Wan Yuepeng said that the breakthrough of black silicon technology, the transformation of domestic diamond wire machines, and the low cost of diamond wires are the three most important factors for the rapid promotion of diamond wire polycrystalline silicon films this year.
Because of the need to reduce costs, diamond wire cutting is an inevitable trend, and after wide-scale promotion, the cost gap between the majority of crystal and single crystal at the silicon end will be pulled again.
In 2016, Danjing took the lead in promoting diamond wire cutting, which brought about an increase in market share. With the promotion of the single crystal diamond wire cutting, the application of polycrystalline diamond wire cutting has become even more urgent. However, it is widely believed in the industry that diamond wire cuts are faced with problems such as broken wires and high fragmentation rates.
“The yield rate of the Poly A Diamond Wire Machine A machine has exceeded 92%, and it has completely surpassed the special machine. With the gradual optimization of the process, there is room for further improvement in the future.†said Wan Yuepeng. With the polycrystalline silicon manufacturers such as GCL-Poly, gradually overcoming the challenges of diamond wire cutting and polycrystalline machine transformation, diamond wire cutting will bring greater advantages to polycrystalline silicon. The future cost of silicon wafers depends on the reduction of wire diameter and wafer thickness.
It is understood that diamond wire costs accounted for 17% of the total cost of wafers. After the general polycrystalline diamond wire cutting became popular, the price of wire rods was in short supply, and it is expected that the prices of major manufacturers will drop after the new production capacity is released in the first half of next year. Line cost. Since the beginning of this year, the progress of poly-crystalline polycrystalline transformation of GCL-Poly has exceeded expectations. In November, the proportion of diamond wire products has exceeded 90%, and the remaining B5 machine platform transformation technology has been exceeded. It is expected that all transformation will be completed by the end of the year, and the current diamond wire multi-chip Still hard to find.
In the future, polycrystalline technology will still have a lot of room for improvement. It will focus on reducing crystal defects, optimizing the single crystal technology of ingots, improving the efficiency of black silicon, reducing the hardness of ingots, optimizing diamond wire cutting, thinning, and sizing. Size of the silicon and other aspects.
It is reported that GCL-Poly will fully upgrade the G8 ingot furnace next year and accelerate the growth rate of crystals. It can increase the production capacity of ingots by more than 30%, and optimize the crystal structure through thermal field transformation to further increase the efficiency.
Judging from the market conditions, in the third batch of leader projects, single crystals are no longer preferential treatment, and the market share of 80% of polycrystalline remains the main force of the cheap Internet access. In the future, the market share and trend of polycrystalline and single crystal will be more decided by the market. (Li Peicong)
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