Literature 1: continuing debate: chromium in sow diets 2001
Objective: To analyze the significance of adding chromium to sow diets
Results:
1. The current addition of chromium has an unstable effect on the reproductive performance of sows, which may be related to the existing reproductive performance, health status, and management
2, there are positive results: the addition of 0.2ppm chromium can significantly increase the litter size, weaning live, but the addition time is at least 6 months, the gilt time is longer
3. Analyze the cost-return rate of adding chromium in the current economic state: Compared with gilts, sows, and weaned piglets, the growth rate of growth-finishing pigs is the highest
Conclusion: The sow herd growing and finishing pigs diets supplemented with chromium highest rate of return, the number of live larvae production is lower than the 10.8 average litter added chromium can increase litter size, weaning number of live larvae
Literature 2: Influence of Carnichrome on the energy balance of gestating sows 2004
Objective: To evaluate the effect of adding carnitine and chromium picolinate on the reproductive performance of sow diets
Plan: The sows are 182kg, the test period is 28 days lactation + estrus interval + pregnancy, the two diets are control (basal diet), treatment diet (50ppm carnitine + 0.2ppm) Chromium picolinate), the purpose of the treatment group test is to predict the body weight gain of the sow during pregnancy is 20kg
Results:
1. The weight gain of pregnant sows in the treatment group (23.2VS20) and the average body weight of the born piglets (1.3VS1.2) were significantly higher than those in the control group
2. The organic matter and energy digestibility of the sows in the treatment group were significantly improved, and the digestive energy and metabolic energy were also significantly improved
3, the treatment group has no effect on the calorie production, fat deposition, protein deposition, energy deposition in the sow during pregnancy,
Conclusion: The addition of carnitine + chromium picolinate during pregnancy has no effect on maternal energy deposition, fat deposition and protein deposition, but significantly increases energy digestibility, reproductive tissue weight, and fetal weight
Document 3: A regional evaluation of chromium tripicolinate supplementation of diets fed to reproductive sows 2004
Objective: To detect sow diets in different parts of chromium picolinate added to its impact on reproductive performance of
Program: The three regions are Ana Nasional University Agricultural Center, Ma State University, and University of Kentucky. The four levels of chromium addition are 0, 0.2, 0.6, and . The test period pregnancy + lactation
Results:
1. The addition of chromium significantly increased the number of live litters and the weight loss during lactation, which significantly reduced the average birth weight of piglets
2, continuous addition of chromium sow within 3 fetal adrenal gland, kidney, liver chromium level rises linearly
3, the addition of 1ppm chromium in 3 consecutive tires has no negative impact on the reproductive performance of sows
Conclusion: Need to further study the need of sow chromium
Literature 4: Influence of dietary L-carnitine and chromium picolinate on blood hormones and metabolites of gestating sows fed one meal per day 2007
Objective: To sow diet supplemented with carnitine, chromium picolinate their hormones affect the metabolism of blood
Program: 2 fetal sows weighing 208 kg, the test period is breeding + pregnancy + breastfeeding + 28 days of pregnancy. The two test factors are carnitine (0, 50ppm), chromium (0, 0.2ppm, chromium pyridinate), feeding once a day during pregnancy, free feeding during lactation, collecting sow blood at different times after eating.
Results:
1, the addition of carnitine or chromium significantly reduced the blood insulin level of the sow after eating, but at the same time the effect of adding no superposition effect appeared
2. Carnitine significantly reduced blood free fatty acid and urea nitrogen levels in sows, significantly increased blood IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels
3. Chromium picolinate significantly increased the blood free fatty acid and IGFBP-3 levels in
Conclusion: Carnitine and chromium picolinate change the energy metabolism of sows and have a positive impact on reproductive performance
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