Feed is something that pig farmers are exposed to every day. Premix, concentrate, full price, what are the advantages and disadvantages of these feed types? Do you really understand? Is the feed you use really suitable for you?
Premix, concentrate, full price, which is more suitable for your farm
Feed is the largest proportion of farm farming costs and is one of the key factors for successful farming. As the daily use of the farm, do you really know the type of feed? Premix, concentrate, full price, which is more suitable for your farm?
Premix = vitamin + mineral + carrier; need to add energy feed and protein feed
Advantages: 1 The cost of premix is ​​low; 2 raw materials are controllable, corn and soybean meal are fresh; 3 health care, treatment and other drugs are convenient.
Disadvantages: 1 A large amount of labor, resulting in increased labor costs; 2 need to stock raw materials, increase capital investment, reduce the utilization of funds!
Concentrate = premix + protein feed; need to add energy feed
Advantages: 1 When the price of soybean meal is high, the cost can be appropriately reduced; 2 When you prepare the material, you can not buy soybean meal and reduce the labor.
Disadvantages: 1 cost and premix are 0.1-0.2 yuan/kg higher; 2 protein content is low because of the added soybean meal, suitable for feeding soil pigs!
Full price material = premix + protein feed + energy feed; processed by crushing, mixing, granulating, etc.
Advantages: 1 feeding is convenient; 2 low moisture, easy to store; 3 waste is smaller than powder.
Disadvantages: 1 cost is too high, compared with premix, it is expensive 0.2-0.4 yuan / kg; 2 ingredients are uncontrollable, because the composition of the feed is not visible; 3 by 70-90 ° C granulation, will destroy vitamins ( About 50%), acid and enzyme preparation activity is reduced by about 80%, and xylanase is reduced by 90%.
Composition and characteristics of different series of premixes
In general, 1% of the premix can be called a core material, while the common ones are "1%, 3%, 4% and 5%" premixes. To a certain extent, the smaller the formula ratio, the higher the cost performance.
(1) 0.1~0.5% ratio
Ingredients: vitamins, trace elements, antioxidants, anti-fungal agents, etc.
Features: improve feed utilization, reduce formula cost, increase growth rate, and ensure the health of livestock and poultry;
Use: Large and medium-sized feed mills with high equipment and technical level.
(2) 1% and 2% ratio
Ingredients: Adding growth promoters such as amino acids and drugs to the 0.5% series.
Features: saving feed protein, avoiding the trouble of buying single amino acids and drugs to promote growth and prevent diseases;
Use: Feed mills and breeding plants with certain processing capabilities and technical levels.
(3) 4%, 5%, 6% ratio
Ingredients: Add some protein, calcium, phosphorus, salt, etc. on the basis of 1%.
Features: Add a full range, just corn, soybean meal, and secondary powder, you can prepare high-quality full-price feed.
Use: feed mills, breeding plants and farmers.
Premix processing technology points
(1) Particle size: The preparation of feed additives or additive premixes first encounters a process problem, that is, the amount of trace active ingredients is less, and it is not distributed enough in the full price; only the volume of the trace active ingredients can be reduced. Add more particles.
(2) Carrier: The particles of the active ingredient are enlarged, and the active ingredient is loaded and integrated, and the material is called a carrier. The carrier has two kinds of inorganic carrier and organic carrier:
Capacity: The additive premix is ​​composed of various feed additives of different capacities, which will cause delamination. To balance this capacity difference, a suitable carrier should be selected. The capacity of the organic carrier is small, and the capacity of the inorganic carrier is large.
Adhesion: The better the adhesion of the carrier, the easier it is to stick the active ingredient. The organic carrier has good adhesion and the inorganic carrier has poor adhesion. Vegetable oils increase the adhesion of the carrier and eliminate static charges.
Moisture content: Moisture is an important factor in the dissolution and destruction of active ingredients. The water content of the organic carrier must be controlled below 10%, preferably below 8%.
Microorganisms carried: The less microbes the carrier attaches, the better. Corrupt and moldy materials shall not be used as carriers.
From the ingredients and the full price, which is better?
The use of premixes or concentrates for self-dosing and full-price materials is primarily at cost. The price of the full price is higher, but it is more convenient and less labor cost, but it is higher than the self-dosing in terms of total cost. In addition to the ingredients can reduce costs, raw materials are fresh and controllable, there is a clear advantage, is to facilitate the addition of health care adjuvant drugs. At present, farmers may often add symptomatic treatment drugs, some additives to improve the efficiency of breeding or natural Chinese herbal medicines.
Although the total cost of self-dosing is lower than the full price, there are some uncertainties. The biggest problem is that the procurement cost of feed ingredients is much higher than that of feed mills, and the quality of raw materials cannot be controlled.
Since the ingredients are not used, the raw materials with short shelf life (such as wheat bran) can not be guaranteed fresh. If you buy a little bit each time, the cost of purchasing and transportation is high. If you buy more, it will be mildewed or rancid (especially in Hainan, Guangdong). The climate is often used in the end, and the farm often does not realize how much the mold is harmful to the sow.
There are still some minor problems. Some premix manufacturers blindly increase the feed grade in order to “prominent effectâ€; since the pig farm does not calculate the loss and processing cost when calculating, the loss can reach 1% when the corn moisture is high. the above. The cost of ingredients is higher than the cost of full-price materials.
There are advantages and disadvantages in full price and self-ingredients. How to choose, after reading the analysis, do you understand the conditions of your own pig farm?
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