In the production process, companies often organize employees to carry out tasks such as hot work, limited space operations, temporary power operations, and high-risk operations. How to prevent risks during the operation? Enterprises should strictly implement protective safeguard measures, and employees should follow the procedures to reduce accidental injuries.
1, "hot work"
☆Inflammable and Explosive Substances
☆ leakage current (induction) hazard
☆ Insufficient cylinder spacing or improper placement
☆ Welding and gas welding tools have defects
☆ Inflammables leaked, Mars splashed
☆ Poorly ventilated, not regularly monitored
☆ Inadequate emergency facilities or improper measures
☆ significant changes in site conditions
Safety points
1. Clean and replace the materials in the fire-fighting equipment and pipelines, and perform the work after analysis. Storage tanks should be stored with clean water or inert gas for protection. The equipment is protected by nitrogen and water vapor. Employees entering the confined space get angry and must apply for restricted space operation permits.
2. Cut off the equipment pipeline that is connected with the fire-extinguishing equipment, cut off the blanking board, and handle the blinding operation certificate.
3. Clean the flammable materials around the hot spots and clean and close nearby wells, floor drains, trenches, cable trenches, etc.
4. The welding circuit should be lapped on the weldment and must not be overlapped with other equipment. It is forbidden to cross the sewer (well).
5. A high fire must be handled at a high place to prevent sparks from splashing. If it involves high places, blinding blinds, pipeline equipment maintenance operations, etc., the relevant operating permit should be handled at the same time.
6. The distance between the oxygen cylinder and the dissolved acetylene gas cylinder should not be less than 5 meters . The distance between the cylinder and the acetylene gas cylinder should not be less than 10 meters . The gas cylinder should not be exposed to the sun and the dissolved acetylene gas cylinder should not be placed horizontally.
7. Before hot work, electric welding and gas welding tools should be checked to ensure safety and reliability. In the event of leakage of running material, contaminated material and flammable gas, the hot work should be stopped immediately.
8. In indoor fire, doors and windows should be opened to cover the surrounding equipment, seal water leakage, remove oil, no flammable material cleaning operations can be performed nearby, and partial forced ventilation measures can be adopted. When the fire is interrupted, there shall be no residual fire on the site. Before resuming fire, check whether there is any change in site conditions.
9. The interval between monitoring sampling and hot work shall not exceed 30 minutes. The sampling point shall be representative. The analysis samples of special hot fire shall be kept until the end of hot work.
10. Steam pipes, water pipes, fire extinguishers, etc. shall be provided at the site of the fire, and the fixed foam fire extinguishing system shall enter the pre-start state. The fire monitor person should be familiar with the site environment, check whether safety measures are in place, grasp changes in working conditions, and stick to the scene.
2, [Confined Space Operations]
☆Isolation is not reliable
☆ Mechanical damage
☆Electric shock hazard
☆ Poor ventilation, lack of oxygen
☆Inappropriate protective measures
☆ Poor channel
☆ Not regularly monitored
☆ involves other dangerous operations
☆ Foreign objects left in the device
Safety points
1. The material, steam, and nitrogen lines connected to the equipment should be blanked off and handled for blanking blinds.
2. To handle the equipment outage procedures, cut off the power supply of the equipment, hang the "Forbidden Closing" warning sign, and set up special personnel to monitor.
3. The oxygen content in the equipment should reach 18 % to 21 % and the temperature should be suitable for personnel operations. The device ventilation holes should be opened for natural ventilation.
4. Within 30 minutes before the operation , the gas in the equipment must be sampled and analyzed, and it must be confirmed before entering the equipment. The monitoring should be strengthened during the operation.
5. The lighting voltage in the equipment should be less than or equal to 36 volts, and the lighting voltage in a humid, narrow container should be less than or equal to 12 volts. Use hand-held power tools that exceed safe voltages and should have a leakage protector.
6. Work in an oxygen-deficient and toxic environment. Employees should wear isolated gas masks. Explosion-proof lamps and tools should be used in flammable and explosive environments. Corrosion protection equipment should be worn in corrosive environments such as acid and alkali. .
7. The guardian shall check the safety measures together with the operator and unify the contact signal; the guardian shall maintain contact with the equipment and must not leave the post; the access of the equipment shall be kept clear.
8. Air respirator, fire-fighting equipment, and clean water should be provided outside the equipment. When personnel enter the equipment to rescue, they must protect themselves.
9. If you are involved in hot work, high places, blinding, etc., you should apply for a relevant operating permit. If there is a major change in the construction conditions, the restricted space operation permit shall be re-applied.
10. After the work is completed, no tools or other items shall be left on site.
3, [temporary electricity operation]
☆ Personnel violation
☆ Cable damage
☆Short circuit board and distribution box
☆ Other facilities are damaged
☆ Fire and explosion
☆ Major changes in operating conditions
Safety points
1. The operator must hold an electrical safety operation certificate. Temporary overhead power lines at least 2.5 meters in height of the apparatus, not less than 5 m on the road. Temporary power lines must not use bare wires, and overhead lines must not be erected on trees or scaffolds.
2. The buried pipe and underground cable lines shall be provided with “going†signs and safety signs, and the buried depth shall be greater than 0.7 meters .
3. Temporary power supply switchboards and distribution boxes on site shall be protected from rain. Temporary electricity facilities should have a leakage protector.
4. Temporary electrical equipment and lines must meet the corresponding explosion-proof requirements.
5. If there is a major change in operating conditions, you should re-apply for a temporary electricity operation certificate.
4, [high work]
☆Unfamiliar with working environment
☆ Not using fall protection, anti-slip products
☆ Facilities do not meet safety requirements
☆Isolation measures and safety measures are not in place
☆ Bad lighting and poor communication
☆ Occupational contraindications
☆ Heavy winds and heavy rains
☆ Person falling or falling in height
☆ Guardian is not in charge
☆Involved in hot work and blinding operations
Safety points
1. Operators must undergo safety education, be familiar with the on-site environment and construction requirements, correctly use fall protection, anti-slip products, wear safety helmets, wear safety belts, wear non-slip shoes, and confirm that safety measures are in place before operating.
2. Scaffolding and protective fence erection should meet relevant requirements. Make sure the lighting conditions on the job site are good. When working at heights near electrical equipment, safety distance requirements should be met.
3. The guardian should be familiar with the on-site environment, have emergency skills, adhere to the scene, confirm safety measures are in place, and keep abreast of changes in working conditions. When working at a height of 30 meters or more, a communication tool should be provided to appoint someone to take responsibility.
4. Tools, parts, etc. used in high-level operations should be loaded into the tool bag. The employees must not hold anything when they go up and down, and must not throw tools or materials. When the easy-sliding, rolling tools are stacked on the scaffold, fall prevention measures should be taken.
5. Stations are strictly prohibited right below the high point of operation. When crossing with other operations, they must follow the designated route. Up and down vertical operations are not allowed. If you must work vertically, reliable isolation measures should be taken.
6. Persons with occupational contraindications or poor health conditions may not work in high places.
7. If you are involved in dangerous operations such as hot work or blinding, you should apply for a relevant operating permit. If there is a major change in construction conditions, you must re-apply for a high-level operation permit.
8. In case of severe weather such as heavy rain, heavy fog, strong winds above grade 6 , high altitude operations should be stopped.
5, "open circuit operation"
☆Unknown signs and poor communication of information
☆ No appropriate safety measures or measures are not in place
☆ The site is not completely cleaned
☆ Changes without approval
☆ involves a number of dangerous operations
Safety points
1. Before the work, the construction unit should set up traffic barriers and signs at the junctions of the junctions to remind the passing vehicles to bypass. The circuit breaker certificate should be approved by the relevant department.
2. Fences and traffic warning signs should be set up at the construction site and warning lights should be hoisted at night. The construction unit should arrange for safety inspectors to ensure the smooth flow of highways in case of emergency and not to pile up construction materials on the road surface.
3. After the operation is completed, the site shall be cleaned up, and the barriers, disconnection signs, fences, warning signs and warning lights set at the site and intersection shall be removed and reported to the administrative department. After on-site inspection and verification, traffic can be resumed.
4. The open circuit operation shall be carried out according to the contents of the open circuit operation permit. The construction unit shall not alter the operation content without authorization, and may not expand the operation scope or change the operation site without permission. If the circuit breaker is not completed within the specified time, the circuit breaker certificate shall be re-applied.
5. Involving a number of dangerous operations, the relevant operating permit should be handled at the same time. If there is a major change in the construction conditions, you must re-approve the circuit breakers.
6, [vertical operation]
☆The pipeline and cable are destroyed
☆ collapse occurred
☆Personal poisoning or falling
☆ The safety measures are not in place
☆Involving dangerous operations such as high places and open circuits
Safety points
1. Confirm that the power cable and battery cable protection measures have been implemented. Confirm that the underground water supply and drainage pipelines and process pipeline protection measures have been implemented. When the ground is near the underground concealed facilities, digging should be done carefully, and no mechanical tools such as grabs should be used. According to the construction plan, the construction should be crossed and reported to traffic, firefighting, safety supervision and other units.
2. When multiple people dig at the same time, they should maintain a certain safety distance. The excavation earthwork should be carried out from the top down, and no method of “digging the ground†should be adopted. The excavated earthwork must not block the sewers and manholes. When digging trenches and pits without slopes, support must be provided. When digging below the groundwater level, drainage measures must be taken.
3. Workers must wear a safety helmet. No person shall stand or walk on the edge of the pit, trough, well or ditch.
4. The fence, warning line, warning board and warning light at the job site should be set as required. Equipped with combustible gas detector, toxic media detector. Personnel entry and exit protection measures must be in place. There must be sufficient lighting at night.
5. If a dangerous operation such as a high place or a broken road is involved, the relevant operation permit shall be processed at the same time.
7, Blind job
☆The blind board is defective
☆ Hazardous and harmful substances are prominent
☆ Open fire and other fire sources
☆ Operational errors
☆ Poor ventilation
☆ No personnel monitoring on site
☆ The safety measures are not in place
☆Improper emergency
☆The operation is complicated and dangerous
☆ Major changes in operating conditions
Safety points
1. Blind board material should be suitable, should be calculated by the strength, high-pressure blinds should pass the inspection qualified, blanking board should be easy to identify, plugging.
2. Before removable blind flange should vent line pressure to atmospheric pressure or slight positive pressure; shall be carried out simultaneously on the same two or more suction pipe blind plate blocking operation; gas temperature should be less than 60 ℃, the worker can not be a positive risk The direction in which hazardous substances may be prominent should be protected personally.
3. When working in flammable and explosive places, there shall be no hot work within 30 meters of the working site . Explosion-proof lamps and explosion-proof tools should be used. Lines, flanges, etc. must not be hit with iron.
4. When plugging multiple blinds, the position of the blinds shall be used and the number shall be operated by the person in charge of the operation. Each blinding shall be provided with a sign indicating the position of the blind.
5. To strengthen natural ventilation, partial forced ventilation measures can be taken.
6. There should be special person monitoring during operation. The guardian should be familiar with the on-site environment, have relevant safety knowledge and emergency skills, confirm safety measures in place, keep in touch with the position staff, and keep abreast of changes in working conditions. If the operation is complicated and dangerous, personnel of other relevant departments should also come to the scene and be prepared for emergency.
7. If you are involved in dangerous operations such as moving fire, restricted space, or high altitude, you should apply for a relevant operating permit. If there is a major change in operating conditions, the blinding operation certificate shall be re-applied.
8, [lifting operations]
☆ Unlicensed operation
☆ Command confusion
☆The scheme is not perfect
☆ No cordon or warning sign
☆ Poor lighting conditions
☆ bad weather
☆We have not strictly implemented the "ten do not hang"
☆ Involving open circuit operations
☆ involves high work
☆ Major changes in operating conditions
Safety points
1. Lifting operations and command personnel must be professionally trained and certified. The site shall be under the unified command of a specific person and the signal shall be clear.
2. There should be a complete lifting program, draw down the cordon, and set up safety signs to prohibit non-construction personnel from entering.
3. At night, there must be sufficient lighting on site. In case of severe weather such as heavy rain, heavy fog, and strong winds above grade 6 , the operation should be stopped.
4. Strict implementation of the operation "ten do not hang": the command signal is unknown or indiscriminate command is not hung, overload or object weight is not clear does not hang, oblique weights do not hang, lack of light, can not see the weight does not hang, the weight of the next station People do not hang, heavy objects buried in the ground does not hang, the weight is not fastened, the rope knots, the rope is not hanging, the edge blade object is not placed on the mat, the safety device fails to hang, and the height of the weight exceeds the head Do not hang.
5. If you need to block road traffic, you should apply for a circuit breaker. If you need to work at a height, you should apply for a high work permit. If there is a major change in construction conditions, you should re-apply for the work permit.
The information in this article comes from the Internet and was reorganized and edited by China Rescue Equipment Network.
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