Occupational poisoning remains one of the most severe occupational health issues in China, particularly concentrated in specific industries. Such incidents occur periodically, posing serious threats to workers' health and safety, as well as negatively impacting economic growth and social stability.
Many cases of occupational poisoning stem from a lack of basic knowledge about occupational health, weak protective awareness, and insufficient safety measures among workers. Therefore, preventing occupational poisoning is crucial for managing occupational diseases effectively.
To address this issue, the magazine has launched the “Concern for Occupational Safety and Health†section. It will publish informative articles and surveys from the Labor Protection Department of the National Federation of Trade Unions, aiming to raise awareness among migrant workers and promote safe, healthy, and happy working conditions.
What is occupational poisoning?
It refers to poisoning that occurs when individuals are exposed to toxic chemicals during their work or production processes. Short-term exposure to high concentrations of toxins can cause acute poisoning, while long-term exposure to low levels may lead to chronic poisoning. Chronic cases often have a long latency period and require special attention.
How do chemical poisons enter the body?
They primarily enter through the respiratory tract, skin, or digestive system. The respiratory tract is the most common route, as many toxins are inhaled and then absorbed into the bloodstream. Skin absorption is also significant, especially with substances like pesticides or corrosive materials. Ingestion through contaminated food or water can also result in poisoning.
Where do chemical poisons come from?
They can be present in various stages of industrial production, including raw material extraction, handling, feeding, chemical reactions, waste treatment, maintenance, and other hazardous environments. For example, mining operations may release dust, while chemical reactions might emit harmful gases.
How can we prevent occupational poisoning?
Employers should identify potential hazards, conduct risk assessments, and implement comprehensive control measures. These include engineering controls (like improving ventilation), management practices (such as setting up proper procedures), personal protective equipment (PPE), health education, regular medical check-ups, and pollution control.
Personal protection is essential. Workers should use appropriate PPE such as respirators, goggles, gloves, and protective clothing based on the type of toxin and exposure risk. Employers must ensure that all equipment meets national standards and is suitable for the working environment.
Proper use and maintenance of PPE are equally important. Workers must understand how to use and maintain their gear, perform fit tests for masks, and replace filters according to schedule. Ignoring these steps can put them at serious risk.
Common causes of acute occupational poisoning include poor safety awareness, lack of PPE, inadequate ventilation, improper procedures, equipment failures, and unsafe rescue practices. Substances like hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, chlorine, and others are frequently involved in such incidents.
Acute poisoning typically occurs in high-risk industries such as chemicals, manufacturing, mining, construction, and water treatment. Workers engaged in cleaning, maintenance, or excavation are particularly vulnerable.
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