**Abstract**
**(I) Current Status of China's Automobile Industry**
From 2000 to 2007, driven by the strong growth of the national economy and increasing income for urban and rural residents, China's automobile production maintained an average annual growth rate of 23.57%. In 2000, China’s automobile output surpassed 2 million units, and by 2007, both production and sales exceeded 8.7 million units, marking a year-on-year increase of over 21%.
However, in 2008, the global financial crisis, domestic macro-control measures, natural disasters, and the implementation of stricter emission standards led to a "high before low" trend in production and sales. The growth rate slowed significantly, and export growth was suppressed. By the end of 2008, total production and sales reached 9.345 million and 9.380 million units respectively, with only a 5.21% and 6.70% year-on-year increase.
In early 2009, the Chinese government introduced the "Automotive Industry Adjustment and Revitalization Plan," which effectively reversed the downward trend seen in the second half of 2008. Thanks to this policy, the industry not only met its growth targets ahead of schedule but also made significant progress in product restructuring. Mergers, acquisitions, and the development of new energy vehicles were also advancing steadily, showing a generally positive trend in the sector.
Despite favorable policies, the auto industry faced challenges from 2011 onwards due to the withdrawal of incentives, rising fuel prices, increased operating costs, and vehicle purchase restrictions. By the first quarter of 2011, total vehicle sales reached 4.9988 million units, up just 8% year-on-year, ending two years of high growth. From January to August 2012, production and sales reached 12.407 million and 12.447 million units respectively, showing steady but modest growth.
**(II) Current Status of China's Auto Parts Industry**
China’s auto parts industry has developed alongside the automotive sector. Since the 1980s, local component companies have entered a growth phase through technology introduction, process improvement, cost reduction, and quality enhancement. After joining the WTO, the market opened further, leading international auto parts firms to establish joint ventures or wholly-owned factories in China. This not only intensified competition but also helped improve the technical and management capabilities of domestic enterprises.
By 2004, China achieved its first net exports in auto parts. By 2005, the net export value of auto parts reached $5.889 billion, growing by 482.77%. In 2006, imports were $12.459 billion, while exports reached $21.071 billion, resulting in a net export of $8.613 billion, up 46.25% year-on-year. By 2007, imports totaled $14.215 billion, and exports reached $28.691 billion, giving a net export of $14.476 billion, a 68.07% increase. In 2011, imports were $25.105 billion, up 8.6%, and exports reached $46.66 billion, up 27%, creating a trade surplus of $21.521 billion.
**(III) Development Trends of the Auto Parts Industry**
1. **Sustained Growth Potential**
The auto parts industry is expected to continue growing as the automotive sector becomes a key pillar of China’s economy. With domestic demand expanding and the proportion of auto parts in the industry’s total output increasing, the sector has significant room for development. Although the current share of auto parts in the overall industry is below the global average of 60–70%, it is expected to grow steadily in the coming years.
2. **Focus on Independent Brands and Innovation**
National policies emphasize the importance of independent brands and technological innovation. Companies are encouraged to invest in R&D, develop their own technologies, and enhance competitiveness. For example, some companies have successfully developed products like ABS, breaking foreign dominance.
3. **Systematic and Modular Development**
Global trends favor systematic and modular supply chains, which improve efficiency and reduce costs. Chinese auto parts companies are gradually adopting these methods, improving their ability to compete internationally.
4. **Increased Competition from Global Players**
International auto parts giants are entering the Chinese market, bringing advanced technology and management practices. While this increases competition, it also helps elevate the quality and competitiveness of domestic firms.
5. **Integration of Safety, Energy Efficiency, and Electronics**
Safety, energy efficiency, and electronics are becoming more important in the auto parts industry. Products such as ABS, ESP, and EPB are being widely adopted to improve vehicle safety and performance.
6. **Specialization and Integration in Brake Systems**
Brake system manufacturers are moving toward systematization, modularity, and integration. This allows for more efficient production and better support for vehicle manufacturers.
**(IV) Competition in the Auto Parts Industry**
China has over 300 brake system manufacturers, mainly located in Zhejiang, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Jilin, and Tianjin. These companies employ over 300,000 people and generate an annual output value exceeding 32 billion yuan. However, most are small-scale with limited technical capabilities. A few large enterprises dominate the OEM market, while international players are also active in the sector. Domestic companies are gradually catching up, especially in high-tech areas like ABS, though they still lag behind foreign competitors. Major players include Wanxiang Qianchao, Lucas Weilida, and others.
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