**Abstract**
**(I) Current Status of China's Automobile Industry**
From 2000 to 2007, driven by the rapid growth of the national economy, urban and rural residents' incomes increased significantly, leading to a sharp rise in automobile production. China's auto output maintained an average annual growth rate of 23.57%. In 2000, China produced over 2 million vehicles, and by 2007, both production and sales surpassed 8.7 million units, marking a year-on-year increase of more than 21%.
However, 2008 brought challenges. The global financial crisis, domestic macro-control measures, natural disasters, and the implementation of stricter emission standards led to a "high before low" trend in production and sales. Growth slowed, and exports were heavily constrained. In 2008, total production and sales reached 9.345 million and 9.380 million units respectively, up only 5.21% and 6.70% from the previous year.
In early 2009, the government introduced the "Automotive Industry Adjustment and Revitalization Plan," which helped stabilize the industry. Under this policy, the sector not only maintained growth but also saw positive structural adjustments. Mergers and acquisitions, as well as the development of new energy vehicles, continued to progress steadily, showing a strong development trend overall.
By 2009 and 2010, the industry experienced rapid growth due to favorable policies. However, as these incentives phased out and costs like fuel and parking fees rose, the market began to flatten. In the first quarter of 2011, vehicle sales grew by just 8%, ending two years of high growth. From January to August 2012, production and sales reached 12.407 million and 12.447 million units, growing by 5.19% and 4.10% respectively, indicating a steady market trend.
**(II) Current Status of China's Auto Parts Industry**
China’s auto parts industry has grown alongside the automotive sector. Since the 1980s, local component manufacturers have improved technology, reduced costs, and enhanced product quality through technology introduction and process optimization. After joining the WTO, the market opened further, attracting international players who set up joint ventures or wholly-owned factories. This intensified competition but also accelerated the development of China's auto parts industry.
With the support of national industrial policies, Chinese auto parts companies have improved their technical capabilities and management systems, forming many powerful enterprises. Some now compete globally, supplying major multinational corporations. By 2004, China achieved its first net export in auto parts, with net exports reaching $5.889 billion in 2005, a 482.77% increase. By 2007, net exports hit $14.476 billion, showing sustained growth.
In 2011, auto parts imports totaled $25.105 billion, up 8.6%, while exports reached $46.66 billion, a 27% increase, resulting in a trade surplus of $21.521 billion.
**(III) Development Trends of the Auto Parts Industry**
1. **Sustained Growth**: As the automotive industry becomes a key pillar of China’s economy, the demand for auto parts will continue to grow. With increasing car ownership and higher per-vehicle production, the auto parts market is expected to remain strong. Although China's parts industry currently accounts for less than 30% of total auto output, it is expected to grow significantly in the coming years.
2. **Focus on Independent Brands and Innovation**: National policies encourage R&D investment and brand building. Companies like those collaborating with Tsinghua University have made breakthroughs, such as developing the first domestically produced ABS system.
3. **Systematic and Modular Development**: International trends favor modular supply chains, improving efficiency and competitiveness. Chinese companies are adopting similar models, although still at an early stage.
4. **International Players Enter the Market**: Global auto parts giants are expanding into China, bringing advanced technologies and practices that benefit local firms.
5. **Integration of Safety, Energy Saving, and Electronics**: Technologies like ABS, ESP, and EPB are becoming standard, enhancing safety and performance.
6. **Specialization in Brake Systems**: The brake industry is moving toward integration, modularity, and specialization, requiring stronger technical and competitive capabilities.
**(IV) Competition in the Auto Parts Industry**
China has over 300 brake system manufacturers, mainly in Zhejiang, Shanghai, and other regions. While the industry has developed traditional products, most companies remain small-scale with limited R&D capacity. A few large firms, such as Wanxiang Qianchao and Lucas Weilida, dominate the OEM market. High-tech areas like ABS still lag behind foreign competitors, though domestic firms are gradually catching up.
Major players include companies like Beijing Asia-Pacific Automotive Chassis Systems, Jilin Auto Brake Factory, and Ningbo Anjie Brake Co., Ltd. Competition remains fierce, especially in high-tech segments, but the industry continues to evolve and improve.
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