According to foreign media reports, the United States Clean Diesel Technologies (hereinafter referred to as CDTi), not long ago developed a new type of catalytic catalyst for gasoline engine three-way catalyst, through the formation of nano-powder to improve the function of rhenium (Rh). The new material is named "BMARS" (Base-Metal Activated Rhodium Support). This material can reduce its dependence on expensive platinum group metals.
The original catalyst system was a two-layer catalyst configuration. Two types of catalysts were used. The close-coupled catalyst was placed in the part of the exhaust system close to the engine, and the bottom-mounted catalyst was set in the lower part. CDTi implemented initial experiments using a catalyst made by an automotive manufacturer that complies with the EPA Tier 2 Bin 4 standard, and a catalyst made from BMARS, which uses 50% less platinum group metal.
The experiment used a Buick Regal sedan equipped with a 2.0-liter direct-injection turbocharged petrol engine, and benchmark tests were performed on the following three catalysts in accordance with the deterioration and test criteria set by the US federal government test program over time. The three types of catalysts are: a combination of a CC catalyst and a UF catalyst made by an automotive manufacturer (the amount of the platinum group metal is 9.1 g), and a combination of a CC catalyst based on BMARS and a UF catalyst (the amount of platinum group metal used 4.6 g), using only BMARS-based CC catalyst (3.2 g platinum group metal).
The results show that the latter two exceed the former in terms of their ability to reduce NOx and CO. In terms of reducing the capacity of hydrocarbons (HC), although the latter two are lower than the former, they also meet the tail gas regulations. The third type also reduced the amount of platinum group metals to about 35% of the first type, which helps to reduce costs. In addition, when the BMARS catalyst is used, the amount of palladium can be reduced by the activation of Rh, and the oxygen storage capacity required for the calibration of the exhaust system and on-board diagnosis is also high.
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