Wen | Xin Jiang
Abandon metal nails and wires commonly used in orthopaedics. “Bone cement†can allow patients who have undergone thoracotomy to heal faster and better.
In the 80-year-old Superman series of comics, almost all superman is only afraid of the same thing: rock. This kind of green stone from the hometown of Superman will make Superman weak and even die--although this situation rarely occurs. Today, people have been able to buy new "meteorites" in the market, but it is not used to fight Superman, but can show great promise in hospitals.
As a bone cement, “Bone Cement†has been tested by the US Food and Drug Administration, which enables people to recover faster and better after injury or surgery.
"Bone cement" is a common usage and it can be considered as a nickname for bone cement. The use of cement rather than metal nails is more advantageous in many cases, such as when small bones are peeled off or when holes in bones need to be repaired.
Obviously, skeletal cement needs to have some unique characteristics: it should not be toxic to cells or to genes; it can maintain its strength in long-term normal temperature and humidity environment; it should solidify quickly — There is not so much time on the operating table and it can wait for the glue to dry out.
Since the 1970s bone cements have been developed. At present, the most widely used clinically is polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)-based resin polymers, in addition to calcium phosphate, magnesium phosphate bone cement and so on. In general, skeletal cements, like hair dyes or glues that can only be mixed, can be mixed after quantitative mixing, and it takes only a few tens of minutes to gradually solidify and rebond broken bones. With the growth of skeletal tissue, these cements are either gradually degraded or will always be part of the skeleton.
At present, there are many types of bone cements on the market and have been widely used clinically for many years.
However, traditional bone cements are not perfect. Some of them will have some toxicity during the preparation process, some have low strength after solidification, some will generate heat during the solidification process, and some may even have an inhibitory effect on the heart. These products often require strict application conditions and meticulous operations, and it is difficult for ordinary doctors to operate. This undoubtedly increases the difficulty of promotion.
The "bone cement" solves these problems to some extent. The bone cement, developed by a company called the “Doctor Research Group†in the United States, has no toxicity at all. The structure after solidification and the structure of the bone are very similar, and its bonding strength is higher than that of traditional bone cement. Can significantly shorten the recovery period of the patient.
Recently, at the Canadian Cardiovascular Disease Congress 2010, Paul Fedak, a heart surgeon at Hawthorn Medical Center, published a paper arguing that the use of "meteorites" to join the sternum for patients undergoing thoracotomy can be shortened by half compared to conventional methods. The recovery period, and can save a lot of powerful painkillers.
For patients who have undergone thoracotomy, each breath and cough is a truly unforgettable experience. Smaller breathing movements will affect the expansion of the sternum, and the use of the traditional metal wire to join the good sternum at any time may be pulled out of position because of an unintentional breath, and even lead to more serious cases of infection. Even if not, this kind of pain is unbearable. This condition will only stop when the sternum is fully grown, and this long process often takes 8 weeks or even longer. Now, according to Dr. Fedak's records, the use of "meteorites" can increase the strength of the sternal bone healing by 5 to 10 times, and it only takes a few hours to wait. The bonded sternum is like a piece of iron.
In fact, as early as last year, vermiculite has already been used for the repair of skull defects and the treatment of fractures. More than a dozen hospitals have used vermiculite to bind bones, and so far no side effects or complications have occurred. “This is a huge advancement for the design of the surgical plan and for the rehabilitation of the patient,†said Richard J. Deslauriers, MD, CEO of the physician research group. “The company has invested a lot of time and money. And other resources just to make skeleton repair safer and more effective.â€
Until now, the meteorite has performed well. The bone cement that was developed over a decade was not made of traditional PMMA materials but castor oil, calcium carbonate and other chemicals. It consists of three components, one of which is calcium carbonate in powder form and the other two are liquids, all containing fatty acids from castor oil. One of the two liquids is a prepolymer including isocyanate groups and triglycerides, and the other is a polyol.
When the two liquids are mixed, they will solidify and produce carbon dioxide, while the calcium carbonate powders will increase the porosity of the solids and help the mixture achieve the required mechanical strength, which is the key to the sturdy skeleton.
In use, it is only necessary to mix the three ingredients in proportions. After a few minutes, the mixture becomes viscous and can be shaped like plasticine after fifteen minutes. The whole process is very simple and easy for any surgeon. In just a few hours, the mixture turns into a solid solid, filled with holes 0.1 to 0.7 mm in diameter, and its strength and structure are very similar to those of bones. After a few months, the bone tissue will be connected to each other through these holes, and the meteorites will also be part of the skeleton forever.
Nowadays, "Vermiculite" has been allowed to go on sale, and those who need open surgery will welcome it. Each year, about 1.4 million people in the world are required to undergo open-heart surgery. The stone can improve the quality of life in their post-operative recovery period - and it seems that this is only something Superman can do.
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