Preferred varieties recommended after delisting of highly toxic organophosphorus varieties

After the five highly toxic organophosphorus pesticides were removed from the market, a significant gap was created in the agricultural chemical industry. According to the **China Pesticide Network**, the Ministry of Agriculture’s Agricultural Technology Promotion Center has issued practical guidance to address this issue. Provincial agricultural departments have also taken action, assessing local conditions and recommending suitable alternatives. Here are some of the most promising options currently available: 1. **Regent** (generic name: fipronil). Its full chemical name is (RS)-5-amino-1-(2,6-dichloro-4a-trifluoromethylphenyl)-4-trifluoromethylsulfinylpyrazole-3-carbonitrile. The 5% suspension concentrate is a patented product developed by Bayer in Germany. Compared to chlorpyrifos, Regent offers a broader insecticidal spectrum, similar application range, and comparable safety precautions. However, it has a longer residual effect and requires a smaller dosage, making it more environmentally friendly. One of its key advantages is its effectiveness against rice aphids, planthoppers, and leaf rollers, with a control period lasting up to 15–30 days—significantly longer than the 7–10 days of chlorpyrifos. Although the patent has expired, domestic manufacturers have started producing similar compounds, which could soon become strong competitors in the market. 2. **Profenofos** (chemical name: O-4-bromo-2-chlorophenyl O-ethyl S-propyl phosphorothioate). This is a high-efficiency, low-toxicity organophosphate insecticide and acaricide, widely used in crops such as fruits, cotton, and vegetables. It targets pests like bollworms, red spider mites, scale insects, and beet armyworms. Its mechanism of action is similar to that of chlorpyrifos. While it was one of the earlier organophosphate products developed in China, it hasn’t seen widespread use due to limited marketing efforts. However, with recent improvements in production technology and increased promotional activities, sales have been rising steadily. It is expected to play a key role in replacing highly toxic pesticides in the future. 3. **Chloromethylphosphonium** (chemical name: O,S-dimethyl-N-(2,2,2-trichloro-1-hydroxy-ethyl) thiophosphoramide). Developed at Wuhan University of Technology, this compound is an efficient alternative to methamidophos. It is a low-toxic, broad-spectrum insecticide with only one-tenth the toxicity of methamidophos but twice the efficacy. It is commonly used in cotton, vegetables, rice, and fruit crops to control pests like bollworms, beet armyworms, citrus red spider mites, and rice leaf rollers. Its performance is comparable to acephate, yet it has lower production costs and no environmental waste. With growing environmental pressure, once it enters large-scale production, it could significantly impact the pesticide market and serve as a strong competitor to chlorpyrifos.

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