Classification of Membrane Structure Architectural Forms:
From a structural perspective, membrane structures can be categorized into three primary forms: skeleton membrane structures, tension membrane structures, and inflatable membrane structures.
1. Frame-Supported Structures
These structures feature a framework made from steel or laminated wood, topped with a tensile membrane. The supporting structure below is highly stable. This design allows for simpler roof shapes, unrestricted openings, and offers excellent economic benefits, making it suitable for both large and small-scale spaces. Its versatility makes it a popular choice across various architectural projects.2. Tension-Suspended Structures
This type consists of a membrane, steel cables, and struts. Steel wires and struts are used to apply tension to the membrane, ensuring stability. Not only are these structures practical and aesthetically pleasing, but they also showcase the innovative spirit of membrane architecture. In recent years, large-span spaces have adopted steel cables and compressed materials to create a cable net that supports the upper membrane. While requiring high construction precision and offering strong structural performance, their expressive potential often comes at a slightly higher cost compared to frame-supported structures.3. Pneumatic Structures
Inflatable membrane structures fix the membrane material around the roof structure and use an air supply system to elevate indoor air pressure. This pressure difference resists external forces, providing support through air pressure, with steel cables acting as auxiliary materials. These structures eliminate the need for beams or columns, maximizing usable space, allowing for rapid construction, and offering excellent economic efficiency. However, maintaining continuous blower operations and managing associated machinery costs can be expensive. Today, membrane structures are becoming increasingly common in urban landscapes. They are employed in various building types, playing a vital role in modern cityscapes:Inflatable Membrane Structure
Project Example China has also embraced membrane structures in engineering projects. The 80,000-seat stadium in Shanghai, completed in 1997, is the largest and most influential example. However, it was designed and manufactured by Weidlinger of the U.S., highlighting the gap between China and advanced nations in this field. Current challenges include poor performance of domestic membrane materials, high prices for imported ones, a lack of comprehensive computational systems for membrane structure design, and insufficient public awareness. Back in the 1970s, the U.S. Pavilion and the Fuji Pavilion at the Osaka World Expo in Japan introduced membrane structures, sparking significant interest in the construction industry. The "Georgia Dome" of the 1996 Atlanta Olympics boasts an elliptical shape measuring 240m x 193m. To mark the new millennium, the UK constructed the "Millennium Dome" in London, featuring a diameter of 320m and a total exhibition area of 80,000 square meters. Covering the dome are 72 PVC-coated fiberglass fabric panels, showcasing cutting-edge building technology and materials science.The IP rating of the led RGB panel light is the protection level of the electrical equipment enclosure against the intrusion of foreign objects, including the dustproof range and degree of waterproofing of the equipment. Our rgb panel lights are made of aluminum shell with anti-fading electrostatic powder coating and anti-leakage; high-performance led chips, energy saving, high light efficiency; green and environmental protection, no ultraviolet, infrared, mercury pollution. Today's led light rgb panels have smart features and can be controlled from a mobile phone.
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