Our reporter Wang Xiaohui Lin Xiao reports from Beijing
“Now do not pay attention, and will suffer a big loss in the future.†At an internal forum recently, a high-level person from the Ministry of Agriculture expressed his reasons why the government attaches so much importance to GM research and development. He said that the government has increased the research and development of GM to ensure food security. height. However, in terms of commercialization, the government is still "cautious and cautious", and it is rarely used in food.
He believes that the results of transgenic research are now focused on aspects such as stress resistance, drought resistance, and insect resistance. The focus of the next step in research and development will be to increase production.
The Ministry of Agriculture’s attention to genetically modified R&D can be learned from dozens of bidding procurement information since 2011. Most of them involved genetically modified technology or related projects. In 2010, only a few of these tenders were available, which was less than the ten in 2011. One in a minute.
“The Chinese government’s R&D support for genetically modified varieties during the 12th Five-Year Plan period was 30 billion yuan, compared with 180 million yuan for conventional breeding.†Chen Yiwen, consultant for the Disaster History Professional Committee of the China Disaster Prevention Association, told reporters that the state’s funding for the research and application of genetic modification should be funded. The investment far exceeds the investment in eco-agriculture, and it is better to apply for funds under the signboards of genetically modified projects.
“The genetically modified corn has a very high degree of lethality to animals.†Gu Xiulin, a special professor at the Social and Economic Behavior Research Center of Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, said that Xianyu 335 is a non-transgenic crop that does genetic modification. Once genetically modified corn becomes legal, it cannot. The issue of pursuing it is at the most presumed. However, based on the safety issues currently encountered in genetically modified rice, genetically modified corn will never be legal.
In October 2009, the Ministry of Agriculture approved the safety certificates for two varieties of genetically modified rice and one type of genetically modified corn. Some rice and corn varieties became the first batch of staple crops that could be planted for genetically modified experiments, but they had a safety certificate for genetically modified agricultural products for two full years. On the occasion of the end of September, it was reported that due to doubts about the safety of genetically modified organisms and the immature research on genetically modified staple foods, the listing of transgenic rice was postponed and China will not implement rice in the next five to 10 years. The commercialization of the main genetically modified grain.
"Actually, it was a shot of genetically modified rice," Gu Xiulin added, but privately it will continue as usual.
In fact, as early as the GM rice and corn varieties obtained the Ministry of Agriculture safety certificate, the industry has a lot of controversy. The focus of the controversy is that many experts believe that both genetically modified rice and corn varieties are in short supply in the innovation of breeding technologies, among which the questioning of the safety of transgenic plants is the loudest.
"Interests are the main driving force for the development of GM crops," according to Gu Xiulin, genetically modified seeds have extremely high profit margins. "A kilogram of common corn seeds is about four or five yuan, but I have seen one kilogram of genetically modified corn. Seeds can be sold for 50 or even 100 dollars."
However, according to Chen Yiwen, this phenomenon is only a short-term behavior. “In practice, both genetically modified cotton in China and imported genetically modified corn from abroad were initially targeted at the major pests of crops, but they eventually appeared. In two cases: First, the major pests were temporarily contained, but the latter pests developed again, because the major pests may be the natural enemies of other pests; second, the major pests slowly developed resistance to insects, leading to insect pests Even worse, they must end up killing it with more powerful insecticides."
Chen Yiwen recalled that China's GM cotton has encountered such a situation.
The government’s increased efforts in genetic research are mainly due to the control of foreign investment on Chinese seed industry to ensure food security. According to the person from the Ministry of Agriculture, China currently holds 50% of its vegetable varieties in the hands of foreign investors. After some international seed companies enter the domestic market, they first sell seed to farmers at a lower price, or let farmers farm for free, and cultivate in a subtle manner. The dependence of our country's agricultural development on these multinational companies.
The natural growth of China's population, the transfer of rural labor force to make producers become consumers, the upgrading of food consumption structure and the energy of food also brought about a simple increase in demand. All of these make high-level people turn their attention to GM research. It may be an important weight to ensure food security in the future.
The person from the Ministry of Agriculture said that the issue of genetic modification is now very sensitive in society. The reason for the disagreement among people is that scientific research has yet to be broken. Another important reason is that the government is not very transparent about GM technology and policies, leading to public Some misunderstandings should be strengthened in the future.
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