Human-accident Accident

The main argument: Social development to today, human-computer intelligence collaboration can not be avoided, human behavior errors are inevitable, only to understand the physical limits of human existence, and try to make up for it, human-computer system accident disasters can be reduced as much as possible.                    　　

Key words: physiological behavior of the man-machine system reliability limit human biological rhythms match the scientific decision-making                    　　

Since Watts invented the steam engine and the discovery and use of semiconductors by mankind, industrial production has undergone many revolutionary leaps around the subject of science and technology. With the industrial revolution and the electronic revolution, humankind has made great achievements in conquering nature and transforming nature. However, as human beings revel in their own achievements, humanity is also facing the threat of an increasing number of new disasters.                   　　

With the rapid development of science and technology, more and more new technologies, new materials, and new systems are widely used in industrial production. Modern industrial production systems are faster, more complicated, more powerful, and more continuous than before. Automation. As an "intermediary" between systems and systems, people play a decisive role. In the course of operation, humans must manipulate and handle various systems and various factors generated by the processing system through behavior and language.                   　　

Man-machine system accident disaster is the negative product of the industrial revolution and electronic revolution that appeared under this background. The so-called man-machine system accident disaster refers to accidents caused by misconduct caused by human physiological limits.                    　　

It was determined that the human auditory reaction was 0.15 seconds, the visual response is 0.2 seconds, the tactile response of 0.05 - 0.1 seconds, the audible range of 20 - 20000 Hz, the visual wavelength range is 0.39 - 0.76 micron, and the reaction speed of modern machinery and equipment are measured in milliseconds, between them, a difference of 3 - 6 orders of magnitude. Therefore, accidents caused by human factors, such as misoperation, misjudgment, and incorrect decision-making, often occur in industrial production. For example: In 1993 at 0:45 on January 22, Ningguo County, Anhui Ningguo Cement dust collection equipment manufacturing plant fire, burned ESP system 8 electric room five rooms and some facilities. The loss of fire was 2.28 million yuan, and production was suspended for six months.

The electric dust collection system in the event of a fire is an advanced equipment imported from abroad. Its role is to treat dust and recover cement. Its processing speed is 10 tons per hour. It is highly automated during the operation of the system, but the carbon monoxide and oxygen in the system Once the content of pulverized coal is exceeded, it may cause combustion and explosion. Various instruments can correctly judge and select, process data, and report accidents.                   　　

The reason for the fire is that the system alarms when the worker operates illegally in a high-speed production process, operates improperly in emergency situations, and causes combustion and explosion due to misjudgment.                   　　

According to statistics, the proportion of man-machine system accidents in accidents occurring in various industries is:                    　　

Industry accident rate                   　　

Transportation industry 90% 　　

Electrical industry 60% 　　

45% of aviation industry 　　

Chemical industry 30% 　　

Nuclear Industry 15% 　　

The explosion accidents at the Sanli Island nuclear power plant in the United States and the accidents at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in the former Soviet Union are all human-machine system accidents.                   　　

It can be seen that human-computer system accidents have a large proportion of accidents. In order to prevent such disasters caused by such causes, we need to discuss and study the human-machine system accident disasters.                   　　

The study of man-machine system accident disasters is essentially a study of the reliability issues of human behavior. Its purpose is to achieve a true human-machine match in production and life, improve work efficiency, and reduce accidental disasters.                   　　

Research on the reliability of human behavior began during World War I, when the goal was to select the right combatants. With the further development of research, the understanding of the "biological rhythm" of the human body has become clearer and applications have become more widespread. According to the study, the physical cycle of the human “biological rhythm” is 23 days, the emotional cycle is 28 days, and the intelligence cycle is 33 days. All of them have a sine curve distribution.                   　　

At present, the biological rhythm theory has been widely used in aviation, railways, highways, industrial and mining enterprises, medical and health, sports and other industries. For example, foreign countries have investigated a certain transportation company and found that more than 50% of the traffic accidents that occurred in the past few years occurred in the critical period of drivers. Later, the company asked the driver to be careful during the low tide and critical period, or stop the car, resulting in a 50% reduction in accidents . It can thus be seen that the biological rhythm theory does have a quantitative guiding effect on the safety of human behavior.                   　　

There is a limit to human physiology, so human behavior is characterized by unreliability. It is impossible and unrealistic to hope that human beings will completely overcome their behavioral errors. Only by recognizing the physiological limits of the human body and the various factors that affect humans can human errors be reduced and work efficiency improved when designing the work environment and arranging work to meet the requirements of the human body. Especially when analyzing the causes of accident disasters, besides the sense of responsibility and accidents, the analysis of man-machine systems must not be neglected, and decision-making should be changed from experience-based decision-making to scientific decision-making.

The information in this article comes from the Internet and was reorganized and edited by China Rescue Equipment Network.