When planning to purchase an air compressor, the first step is to determine the required working pressure for the gas end. Add a safety margin of 1-2 bar to this pressure, depending on the installation location and pipeline length. This margin accounts for pressure loss that occurs as compressed air travels through the system. The longer the pipeline or the more bends it has, the greater the pressure drop. Therefore, it's important to consider both the pipe diameter and the number of turns—larger diameters and fewer bends result in lower pressure loss.
If the distance between the air compressor and the air-consuming equipment is significant, it’s advisable to increase the diameter of the main pipeline to reduce pressure loss. If the environment allows, installing the compressor close to the point of use can also help maintain efficiency and performance.
For volume flow selection:
- First, understand the total volume flow required by all gas-powered equipment. Multiply this total by 1.2 to add a 20% safety margin.
- In new projects, refer to the flow values provided by the design institute.
- Contact the equipment supplier to obtain accurate volume flow parameters for the gas devices.
- For modifications or upgrades, use the original system data combined with actual usage patterns to make an informed decision.
Proper selection ensures optimal performance and cost-effectiveness. Choosing a compressor that's too large leads to unnecessary energy waste, while one that's too small may cause frequent loading or insufficient pressure, affecting overall productivity.
Understanding the relationship between power, working pressure, and volume flow is essential. For example, a 22 kW compressor might be rated at 7 bar with a displacement of 3.8 m³/min. However, if the working pressure is increased to 8 bar, the motor speed must decrease to avoid overload, which in turn reduces the displacement to around 3.6 m³/min. This shows how power, pressure, and flow are interdependent.
Power selection should be based on the required working pressure and volume flow, ensuring that the electrical supply can support the motor's power consumption. A well-matched system avoids overloading and improves reliability.
In summary, the correct process for selecting an air compressor involves three key steps: first, determine the required working pressure; second, calculate the necessary volume flow; and finally, ensure that the power supply can meet the motor's demands. Following these steps helps achieve a balanced, efficient, and cost-effective solution.
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