Corn is a crop that requires more fertilizer. Different growth stages require different types and amounts of fertilizer. The higher the yield, the more fertilizer is applied. We refer to the old method of fertilization method of base fertilizer and ear weight, seedling fertilizer and stalk fertilizer light weight. The fertilization method of base fertilizer and stalk fertilizer weight, seedling fertilizer and panicle fertilizer light and light weight are referred to as new methods. The difference between the old and new methods is mainly the difference in the amount of maternal stalk fertilizer and panicle fertilizer. The new method advocates the re-application of stalk fertilizer, and the old method adopts heavy application of panicle fertilizer. In the practice of corn seed production for many years, we found that the new method can better meet the normal growth and development of the female parent, and is more conducive to increasing seed production. After three consecutive years of production and application of different varieties, the new method has increased the yield by more than 10% on average, and explored a new method of corn seed production and fertilization, which has received good results.
1 main content of the new approach
Maternal fertilization First, the type and total amount of fertilizer applied should be determined according to different maternal types, soil conditions and yield design requirements. For every 100 kg of seed produced, it is generally necessary to apply pure N7 kg, sulfur dioxide 3 to 4 kg, and hydrogen peroxide 6-8 kg. The total amount of fertilization is calculated according to this standard. For some zinc-deficient plots, 2 to 3 kg of zinc fertilizer should be added per 667 square meters. Second, we should master the principle of fertilization of the base fertilizer, early seedling, stalk weight and ear fertilizer. The base fertilizer should be based on farmyard manure and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and the top dressing should be based on nitrogen fertilizer and compound fertilizer. The amount of base fertilizer used in each period accounted for 30%, the seedling fertilizer accounted for 20%, the stalk fertilizer accounted for 40%, and the ear stage accounted for 20%.
Parental fertilization The father should implement high-fertilizer water management, chase small seedlings to become large seedlings, chase weak seedlings into strong seedlings, and master the balance with the female parent. If the father is found to be late, the quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer and the foliar spray fertilizer should be applied in advance; if the father is found to be early, the fertilization should be controlled with less watering and deep cultivating to control the growth.
2 Analysis of the reasons for the increase in production by the new method
Re-application of stalk fertilizer meets the requirement of large amount of fertilizer required at jointing and booting stage. The amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium absorbed by corn in different growth stages is significantly different. According to the data, spring maize seedlings accounted for 3%, jointing period accounted for 49%, flowering period accounted for 22%, mature period accounted for 26%; summer maize seedlings accounted for 10%, jointing stage was 63%, flowering and maturity only accounted for 22% . The jointing period is the period of maximum fertilizer demand. During this period, the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium absorbed by the spring maize is 32%, 45% and 70% of the total absorption, respectively, and the summer maize is 76% and 63% respectively. 67%, heavy application of stalk fertilizer can meet the needs of normal growth and development of corn.
Re-application of stalk fertilizer is beneficial to the application time of strong-stalk stalk fertilizer in the jointing stage of 30-day after emergence. Re-application of stalk fertilizer can promote the growth of stems and leaves and the formation of the ear, preventing the degradation of florets at the top of the ears, thus making the stalk strong. The ear is long and the grain is large.
The mother has gone to the male to reduce the nutrient consumption in time. In order to ensure the purity and quality of the seeds, the seedlings are mostly used to take the leaves and touch the males. The tassel is one of the “growth centers†of corn. The timely removal of tassels can reduce the consumption of nutrients, increase the ventilation and light transmission capacity, and is more conducive to the development of the ear, so that the ears reach out quickly and neatly, and prematurely silk 2~ 3d. The peasants said that they would go to the early morning and apply a fat.
Re-application of panicle fertilizer is not good for increasing seed production. Heavy application of panicle fertilizer is likely to cause overnutrition. The plants are long, making the leaves thicker and longer, and the leaves are on the leaves, commonly known as "ba ears". Sometimes it can also cause long spikelets on the ear, commonly known as "Baerzi å¨", a locust with more than two ears, which also causes difficulty in the silk of the ear, weak pollination affinity, poor fruiting rate, and late maturity. The nutrient in the plant is transferred to the ear. Therefore, excessive application of panicle fertilizer is not conducive to improving the quality and yield of hybrid corn seed production.
1 main content of the new approach
Maternal fertilization First, the type and total amount of fertilizer applied should be determined according to different maternal types, soil conditions and yield design requirements. For every 100 kg of seed produced, it is generally necessary to apply pure N7 kg, sulfur dioxide 3 to 4 kg, and hydrogen peroxide 6-8 kg. The total amount of fertilization is calculated according to this standard. For some zinc-deficient plots, 2 to 3 kg of zinc fertilizer should be added per 667 square meters. Second, we should master the principle of fertilization of the base fertilizer, early seedling, stalk weight and ear fertilizer. The base fertilizer should be based on farmyard manure and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and the top dressing should be based on nitrogen fertilizer and compound fertilizer. The amount of base fertilizer used in each period accounted for 30%, the seedling fertilizer accounted for 20%, the stalk fertilizer accounted for 40%, and the ear stage accounted for 20%.
Parental fertilization The father should implement high-fertilizer water management, chase small seedlings to become large seedlings, chase weak seedlings into strong seedlings, and master the balance with the female parent. If the father is found to be late, the quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer and the foliar spray fertilizer should be applied in advance; if the father is found to be early, the fertilization should be controlled with less watering and deep cultivating to control the growth.
2 Analysis of the reasons for the increase in production by the new method
Re-application of stalk fertilizer meets the requirement of large amount of fertilizer required at jointing and booting stage. The amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium absorbed by corn in different growth stages is significantly different. According to the data, spring maize seedlings accounted for 3%, jointing period accounted for 49%, flowering period accounted for 22%, mature period accounted for 26%; summer maize seedlings accounted for 10%, jointing stage was 63%, flowering and maturity only accounted for 22% . The jointing period is the period of maximum fertilizer demand. During this period, the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium absorbed by the spring maize is 32%, 45% and 70% of the total absorption, respectively, and the summer maize is 76% and 63% respectively. 67%, heavy application of stalk fertilizer can meet the needs of normal growth and development of corn.
Re-application of stalk fertilizer is beneficial to the application time of strong-stalk stalk fertilizer in the jointing stage of 30-day after emergence. Re-application of stalk fertilizer can promote the growth of stems and leaves and the formation of the ear, preventing the degradation of florets at the top of the ears, thus making the stalk strong. The ear is long and the grain is large.
The mother has gone to the male to reduce the nutrient consumption in time. In order to ensure the purity and quality of the seeds, the seedlings are mostly used to take the leaves and touch the males. The tassel is one of the “growth centers†of corn. The timely removal of tassels can reduce the consumption of nutrients, increase the ventilation and light transmission capacity, and is more conducive to the development of the ear, so that the ears reach out quickly and neatly, and prematurely silk 2~ 3d. The peasants said that they would go to the early morning and apply a fat.
Re-application of panicle fertilizer is not good for increasing seed production. Heavy application of panicle fertilizer is likely to cause overnutrition. The plants are long, making the leaves thicker and longer, and the leaves are on the leaves, commonly known as "ba ears". Sometimes it can also cause long spikelets on the ear, commonly known as "Baerzi å¨", a locust with more than two ears, which also causes difficulty in the silk of the ear, weak pollination affinity, poor fruiting rate, and late maturity. The nutrient in the plant is transferred to the ear. Therefore, excessive application of panicle fertilizer is not conducive to improving the quality and yield of hybrid corn seed production.
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